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Uniform velocity distribution can be obtained within a very short distance from the outlet of the nozzle.Heat and mass transfer near the meniscus can be remarkably activated comparedwith a conventional straight type immersion nozzle without swirl.Swirl helps the superheat in the melt dissipate,Penetration depth of nozz[e outlet flow is decreased remarkably by the application of swirling.Those findings mentioned above are very useful to control the flow pattern in the biliet and bloom continuous casters,

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