Mixing time and fluid flow phenomena in liquids of varying kinematic viscosities agitated by bottom gas injection

Iguchi, Manabu; Nakamura, Kenzo; Tsujino, Ryoji

doi:10.1007/s11663-998-0091-1

Cited by 51 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…(24) are only specific to vessel dimension and types of gas liquid systems, but not to the geometry or dimension of the gas injection devices. [32][33][34][35][36][37] Numerous theoretical and experimental studies on mixing phenomena have been reported in the literature and a great deal of these have already been summarized in the earlier review. 1) Many of these investigations were primarily concerned with developing models of mixing time in terms of the key operating variables namely, gas flow rate, Q, vessel radius, R, and depth of liquid in the ladle, L. Apart from a few studies on asymmetrically located plugs/nozzle, a vast majority of these were carried out on axi-symmetrical or central gas injection configurations.…”

Section: Structure Of Gas-liquid Plume and Plumementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ϫ2.0 and Ϫ0.33 respectively). Their work indicated 35) that the relationship between 95 % mixing times and operating variables in axisymmetric gas stirred ladle systems must follow a relationship according to: In a relatively more recent work, Iguchi and coworkers 36) experimentally investigated mixing times in laboratory scale water models employing fluids of different kinematic viscosity. They found that even at specific energy input rate (e m ) greater than 0.13 W/kg, their experimental results could not be described empirically via any function similar to Eq.…”

Section: Mixingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(27), disregarding completely the influence of kinematic viscosity on mixing. Accordingly, Iguchi et al 36) concluded that the kinematic viscosity of the fluid has an important bearing on fluid mixing and thus, proposed the following relationship between mixing times and operating variables: Figs. 8(a) and 8(b).…”

Section: Mixingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macroscopic Models for Gas Stirred Ladles

Mazumdar

2004

ISIJ International

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Considerable efforts have been made during the past two decades to develop reliable and effective macroscopic process models for inert gas stirred ladles. The primary objective of these has been to develop simplified equations/expressions embodying a set of key operating variables such as ladle dimensions, gas flow rate, nozzle/tuyère dimension and so on for hydrodynamics, scaling criterion, structure and profiles of the gas-liquid two phase plume, mixing, heat and mass transfer between solids and bulk liquid etc. An exhaustive literature search on the subject indicates that both fundamental as well as empirical approaches were adopted by investigators to develop these simplified process models. It was further noted that a vast majority of these studies applied aqueous model of gas stirred ladle systems as a means to arrive at or validate such models. Parallel to this, limited available evidence within the literature also suggests that macroscopic models, despite being simplistic have a sound basis and therefore can form a reasonably reliable predictive framework, particularly in the absence of any elaborate computer solutions, for first hand analysis of rate processes in gas stirred ladles.

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Section: Structure Of Gas-liquid Plume and Plumementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mixingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macroscopic Models for Gas Stirred Ladles

Mazumdar

2004

ISIJ International

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“…This arrangement method was chosen by referring to the previous paper. 10) The measured values can be satisfactorily correlated by this arrangement method. The chain line and broken line denote the data for the top layers of silicone oil and n-pentane, respectively.…”

Section: Criti1capl Diameter Of Circular Platementioning

confidence: 84%

Control of Reverse Emulsification and Mixing Time in a Bottom Blown Bath Covered with Top Slag

Yamashita

Iguchi

2003

ISIJ International

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Water model experiments were carried out to seek a possibility to control reverse emulsification, i.e., entrapment of slag droplets and mixing time in the molten metal layer covered with top slag. The bath was agitated by centric bottom gas injection. A circular plate was immersed in the bath to change the flow pattern. When the diameter of the plate was larger than the width of the bubble dispersion region formed above the centric nozzle, the recirculating flow was significantly strengthened. As a result, the reverse emulsification and mixing time were systematically controlled by moving the plate in the vertical direction.

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“…The solid line denotes the value calculated from an empirical equation proposed previously by one of the authors for a bottom blown bath without a top layer. 8)…”

Section: Mixing Timementioning

confidence: 99%