Cold plasma functionalization of nanodiamond particles

Ray, M.A.; Shenderova, Olga; Hook, W. H.; Martin, A.; Grishko, Victor I.; Tyler, Talmage; Cunningham, G.; McGuire, G. E.

doi:10.1016/j.diamond.2006.06.003

Cited by 37 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Simon et al 2 introduced alcoholic OH on a diamond surface by treatment at low-pressure (<10 À7 mbar) oxygen plasma. Cunningham and coworkers 4 used fluorine gas to fluorinate the diamond surface in the atmosphere pressure plasma system. All the experiments in the studies mentioned above were performed in the vapor phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coating films prepared by photoreactions of the surface‐modified diamond powder and PET film with a binder agent

Hsu

Lin

et al. 2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The surface-modified diamond and PET film underwent photopolymerization rapidly with a binder agent to afford coating films of interpenetrating network (IPN) structure. The coating films thus formed exhibit higher tensile strength, thermal stability, and adhesion strength to the PET film. The inert surfaces of pristine diamond (PD) and PET film were modified by different chemicals and procedures to introduce epoxide and methacryloyl groups, respectively, on their surfaces. A coating agent consisting of an epoxide group containing modified diamond (called ED), a binder agent, and photoinitiators was prepared. After applying the coating agent to the substrate (a glass plate or a methacryloyl group containing PET film, MMA-PET) and degassing under reduced pressure, the thin film of the coating agent was exposed to UV light (k max ; 365 nm) at room temperature to yield a coating film of IPN-structure. The tensile strength and thermal properties of the ED-containing free coating film (called free film) increased with the amount of ED embedded, whereas the strength of the PD-containing free film decreased with the amount of PD embedded. The adhesion strength of the coating film on the MMA-PET improved significantly by the free radical polymerization of the methacryloyl groups on the MMA-PET and the acrylate resin in the binder agent. The surface photoreactions of ED and MMA-PET with the binder agent were confirmed by modeling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coating films prepared by photoreactions of the surface‐modified diamond powder and PET film with a binder agent

Hsu

Lin

et al. 2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The current fluorination approaches for sp 3 ‐diamond surfaces typically involve handling of highly corrosive gases (atomic or molecular fluorine, HF, ClF 3 ) under harsh treatment conditions and utilize technically demanding and potentially hazardous setups, such as a fluorine line, fluorine‐containing plasmas (e.g., CF 4 , SF 6 ), ultrahigh‐vacuum fluorine atomic beams, and X‐ray irradiation . In addition to the sp 3 ‐diamond‐directed procedures, the sp 2 ‐structures on so‐called detonation NDs have been fluorinated similarly—using molecular or plasma‐generated fluorine …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchtop Fluorination of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds on a Preparative Scale: Toward Unusually Hydrophilic Bright Particles

Havlík

Raabová

Gulka

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

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Fluorination of diamonds modulates their optical and electromagnetic properties and creates surfaces with increased hydrophobicity. In addition, fl uorination of diamonds and nanodiamonds has been recently shown to stabilize fl uorescent nitrogen-vacancy centers, which can serve as extremely sensitive single atomic defects in a vast range of sensing applications from quantum physics to high-resolution biological imaging. Traditionally, fl uorination of carbon nanomaterials has been achieved using harsh and complex experimental conditions, creating hydrophobic interfaces with diffi cult dispersibility in aqueous environments. Here, a mild benchtop approach to nanodiamond fl uorination is described using selective Ag + -catalyzed radical substitution of surface carboxyls for fl uorine. In contrast to other approaches, this highyielding procedure does not etch diamond carbons and produces a highly hydrophilic interface with mixed C−F and C−OH termination. This dual functionalization of nanodiamonds suppresses detrimental hydrophobic interactions that would lead to colloidal destabilization of nanodiamonds. It is also demonstrated that even a relatively low surface density of fl uorine contributes to stabilization of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers and boosts their fl uorescence. The simultaneous control of the surface hydrophilicity and the fl uorescence of nitrogen-vacancy centers is an important issue enabling direct application of fl uorescent nanodiamonds as nanosensors for quantum optical and magnetometry measurements operated in biological environment.

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“…Among the different techniques used to modify DND particles, gas discharge plasma treatment has been demonstrated to be an effective tool for the chemical modification of DND surfaces. Several different gases (H 2 , O 2 , CF 4 , SF 6 , N 2 ) and plasma generation techniques have been used to de-agglomerate DND particles and improve their dispersibility in water [11,12], change wettability [13] and electric conductivity [14], and introduce new surface functionality [15,16]. For example, Gibson et al [12] exposed DND to atmospheric-pressure glow discharge plasma in O 2 and N 2 gases for different period of times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface modification and stability of detonation nanodiamonds in microwave gas discharge plasma

Stanishevsky

Walock

Catledge

2015

Applied Surface Science

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Detonation nanodiamonds (DND), with low hydrogen content, were exposed to microwave plasma generated in pure H 2 , N 2 , and O 2 gases and their mixtures, and investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Considerable alteration of the DND surface was observed under the plasma conditions for all used gases, but the diamond structure of the DND particle core was preserved in most cases. The stabilizing effect of H 2 in H 2 /N 2 and H 2 /O 2 binary gas plasmas on the DND structure and the temperature-dependent formation of various CNH x surface groups in N 2 and H 2 /N 2 plasmas were observed and discussed for the first time. DND surface oxidation and etching were the main effects of O 2 plasma, whereas the N 2 plasma led to DND surfaces rich in amide groups below 1073 K and nitrile groups at higher temperatures. Noticeable graphitization of the DND core structure was detected only in N 2 plasma when the substrate temperature was above 1103 K.

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Cold plasma functionalization of nanodiamond particles

Cited by 37 publications

References 7 publications

Coating films prepared by photoreactions of the surface‐modified diamond powder and PET film with a binder agent

Coating films prepared by photoreactions of the surface‐modified diamond powder and PET film with a binder agent

Benchtop Fluorination of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds on a Preparative Scale: Toward Unusually Hydrophilic Bright Particles

Surface modification and stability of detonation nanodiamonds in microwave gas discharge plasma

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