Collaboration in pharmaceutical research: exploration of country-level determinants

Abstract

Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractIn this paper we focus on proximity as one of the main determinants of international collaboration in pharmaceutical research. We use various count data specifications of the gravity model to estimate the intensity of collaboration between pairs of countries as explained by the geographical, cognitive, institutional, social, and cultural dimensions of proximity.Our results suggest that geographical distance has a significant negative relation to the collaboration intensity between countries. The amount of previous collaborations, as a proxy for social proximity, is positively related to the number of cross-country collaborations. We do not find robust significant associations between cognitive proximity or institutional proximity with the intensity of international research collaboration. Moreover, there is no robust and significant relation between the interaction terms of geographical distance with social, cognitive, or institutional proximity, and international research collaboration. Our findings for cultural proximity do not allow of unambiguous conclusions concerning their influence on the collaboration intensity between countries. Linguistic ties among countries are associated with a higher amount of cross-country research collaboration but we find no clear association for historical and colonial linkages.

International Knowledge Flows and the Role of Proximity

“…As expected, the estimates for the mass indicators have a positive sign and are significant, which not only indicates that a higher number of publications in a specific country increases the likelihood of cooperation with other countries, but also corroborates that the global scientific collaboration networks exhibit a “Matthew effect” or “the rich get richer” phenomenon. We conclude that the scientific sizes of countries are positive determinants of international co‐publication, which is in line with other studies (Cassi, Morrison, and Rabellotti ; Plotnikova and Rake ). In addition, ln( rdres ) and EDL are also positive and statistically significant at p < 0.01, which indicates that the number of R&D researchers and the EDL of a country will have an important role in facilitating collaborations.…”

“…This result is consistent with the internationalization of inventive activity (Picci ) and the globalization of technology (Montobbio and Sterzi ). However, Cassi, Morrison, and Rabellotti () and Plotnikova and Rake () point out that a common language does not promote collaboration intensity at the country level. Researchers tend to use their native language to discuss questions.…”

“…Dense ties between actors will curb opportunism, enhance trust, and share risk, because friends of friends tend to be friends (Uzzi and Spiro ). As Plotnikova and Rake () point out, social proximity is positively and significantly associated with the number of international collaborations. Taking co‐patenting teams in the United Kingdom during the period from 1978 to 2010 for example, Crescenzi, Nathan, and Rodriguez‐Pose () find that social proximity plays a positive role in the invention process.…”

“…Third, our co-publication data covers all disciplines to provide a wide-ranging snapshot of global scientific collaboration. Previous studies concentrate on a single industry or specific research field, such as pharmaceutical research (Cantner and Rake 2014;Plotnikova and Rake 2014), biotechnology (Heimeriks and Boschma 2014;Ter Wal 2013), and the navigation satellite system industry (Balland 2012).…”

Online Visibility of Pharmacy Research in Tanzania: A Scientometric Study

“…The studies can also help to establish a core list of publications and databases that can be used to support information provision [11], pharmaceutical care and pharmacy education [12]. Worldwide, there is a large number of published scientometric studies in pharmacy [3,11,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Such studies have determined the growth of literature, patents and citations in particular locations, author collaborative patterns, most prolific journals, institution and country-wise productivity, and major themes of research productivity.…”