“…Effective professional development can impact teachers' subject knowledge, understanding of how students think about concepts, and instructional practices (Borko, 2004), including the adoption of evidence‐based practices. Several factors have been identified as key components of effective professional development, including (a) duration (Lawless & Pellegrino, 2007); (b) “personalized and sustained assistance from an expert” (Zorfass & Rivero, 2005, p. 52); (c) opportunities for active learning (Kretlow & Bartholomew, 2010; Pierson & Borthwick, 2010); (d) the concreteness, specificity, and practicality of the interventions (McLesky & Waldron, 2004); (e) an observable and measurable (impact on student learning (Joyce & Showers, 2002; Lawless & Pellegrino, 2007); and (f) alignment of interventions with local goals and values (McLesky & Waldron, 2004; Showers, Joyce & Bennett, 1987). However, important limitations in the knowledge base on professional development exist.…”