“…To share their information with the aim to collaborate, companies employ various collaborative initiatives, such as Collaborative Planning (CP), e-Collaboration (Chong et al, 2009), Collaborative Agent Time (CAT) (Carle et al, 2012), Value Chain Analysis (VCA) (Francis et al, 2008), Generic Product Family Model (GPF) (Jiao et al, 2007), Collaborative Transportation Management (CTM) (Chan & Zhang, 2011), Quick Response (QR) (Choi & Sethi, 2010), Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) (Kurnia & Johnston, 2003), Continuous Replenishment Program (CRP) (Raghunathan & Yeh, 2001), Vendor Management Inventory (VMI) (Freitas et al, 2014), and Collaborative Planning Forecasting Replenishment (CPFR) (Fu, 2016;Marqui et al, 2013). However, according to Gomes & Kleimann (2015) and Freitas et al (2018), the best known collaborative initiatives in both the corporate and academic environment are QR, ECR, CPR, VMI, and CPFR. Holweg et al (2005) stated that collaborative initiatives have been addressed by academics and consultants in the field of SCM since the mid-1990s.…”