Collagen: An Overview

A novel and simple cell-based detection system with a collagen-encapsulated B-lymphocyte cell line as a biosensor for rapid detection of pathogens and toxins

“…This finding is particularly important as the viability of mammalian cells after immobilization in biocompatible matrices is the key factor for cell-based assays. 15,27,32,35 In the present study, we have shown that Ped-2E9 cells (which grow in suspension) can be immobilized threedimensionally into a biocompatible collagen gel matrix without losing their biological and physiological properties of sensitivity to pathogenic Listeria and Bacillus cells or toxins. This 3D immobilization also reduces the normal 2D assay steps such as centrifugation, critically important for the integration of these cell types in a biosensor platform.…”

“…The advantage of using collagen type I is that it is readily available and is used widely by many investigators and has been standardized as a gel scaffold. [31][32][33][34] Both collagen I and collagen II are fibrillar collagens and share high degree of similarities in amino-acid sequence and physiological properties [31][32][33][34] further aided in our decision to use collagen type I. We also used Ultra Puret agarose (Invitrogen) as an entrapment agent, but the results were unsatisfactory.…”

“…Cellular entrapment in biomaterials such as collagen has distinct advantages, including the unparalleled biocompatibility of collagen, which makes it one of the most versatile biomaterials used for tissue culture known so far. 31,32 In addition, collagen gel can be prepared with different pore sizes that trap different size cells by varying the concentration. 33,34 Collagen gel has high mechanical strength and has excellent gelling properties.…”

“…33 Three-dimensional (3D) encapsulation of different cell types in collagen gel has become a standard method in tissue engineering applications. 31,32 Application of mammalian cells in collagen-entrapped form for use as biosensors is still in its infancy, 34,35 but offers significant promise. [34][35][36] Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that a mouse B-cell hybridoma (Ped-2E9)-based cytotoxicity assay can be used to detect the presence of pathogenic Listeria species and the enterotoxins from Bacillus species.…”

Encapsulation and Growth Characteristics of Three Different Cells in Alginate Gel Beads Containing Reconstituted Collagen Fibers

“…Many cells need to attach to the collagen fibers for migration, differentiation and proliferation. [4][5] Therefore, gel beads consisting of a matrix of fibrous collagen are potentially useful for culturing cells of various types.…”