Collateral gene expression changes induced by distinct plant viruses during the hypersensitive resistance reaction in Chenopodium amaranticolor

Abstract

SummaryHypersensitive reactions to plant diseases are typically mediated by R genes. Many R genes that have been cloned only confer resistance to a particular pathogen. However, Chenopodium spp. have multivirus hypersensitive resistance, thus making the understanding of this broad-spectrum resistance mechanism attractive. Using tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) tagged with green¯uorescent protein to follow infection over time, cDNA-AFLP to ®nd genes up-regulated during virus infection in C. amaranticolor and quantitative RT±PCR to accurately measure gene expression at different time points, the ®rst dissection of this signi®cant defense response pathway is presented. The detected diseaseexpressed sequences in C. amaranticolor (DESCA) are similar to those that encode p450 monooxegenases, hypersensitivity-related genes, cellulases, ABC transporters, receptor-like kinases, serine/threonine kinases, phosphoribosylanthranilate transferases and hypothetical R genes, many of which are associated with pathogen defense in other plants. The expressions of these DESCA genes are also induced by infection with the taxonomically distinct tobacco rattle virus (TRV) in C. amaranticolor. In particular, DESCA1, one of the gene fragments from C. amaranticolor that lacks similarity to any other sequence in the GenBank database, is induced at least 200 fold 4 d after infection (dai) by both TMV and TRV. The potential role of DESCA genes in a C. amaranticolor multivirus defense response with regard to their levels and time of gene expression is discussed.

A network of rice genes associated with stress response and seed development

“…For example, 14-3-3 proteins, like rice GF14c, have been shown to be targeted to thylakoid, plasma, and vacuolar membranes and associated ATPase synthase complexes and to be involved in stress responses (2,30,43). Our analysis localizes stress and rice blast-inducible GF14c within the interval of drought tolerance QTL oa8.1 (19), and our interaction studies associated it with at least 10 proteins known to accumulate in the thylakoid.…”

“…gi 11134218), interacted with BI-PP2AregB, as well as with a stress-induced voltage-dependent ion channel, a homolog of a maize DNAJ chaperone with a stress-related role, and a putative anthranilate phosphoribosyl transferase that is induced by rice blast. Similar genes are induced by viruses as part of resistance responses in other plants (28)(29)(30). The second catalytic subunit, OsPP2A-3 (GenBank accession no.…”

Identification by suppression subtractive hybridization of genes that are differentially expressed between near-isogenic maize lines in association with sugarcane mosaic virus resistance

“…Gene expression profiles of incompatible interactions, including those between TMV and tomato or Chenopodium (Cooper 2001;Golem and Culver 2003), revealed similarities at the genetic level with genes identified by Comparison D, such as for AI943646 (cytochrome b245) and BM379389 (thioredoxin H-type). Most probably resistant plants utilize a common mechanism for defense against virus attack (Matthews and Hull 2002).…”

Comparative Analysis of Expressed Sequence Tags in Resistant and Susceptible Ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana Infected with Cucumber Mosaic Virus

“…This resistance response is often accompanied by the development of necrotic local lesions (NLLs) in virus-inoculated leaves and the expression of a set of defense-related genes (Hooft van Huijsduijnen et al 1986, Guo et al 2000. Thirteen defense genes expressed during the induction of the hypersensitive response (HR) in tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-infected Chenopodium amaranticolor have been characterized with cDNA-ALFP techniques (Cooper 2001). Morphological and physiological changes in the resistance response to viruses suggested that certain pathway(s) that confer a resistance response against the virus may be specifically activated in the resistant cultivar.…”