Collective Action on the Web

Harlow, Summer; Harp, Dustin

doi:10.1080/1369118x.2011.591411

Cited by 143 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Accordingly, communication research on the use of social media to facilitate user activism is increasingly focused on, and has widely established the strong influence of close personal networks to motivate individual participation in both offline and online types of collective actions (e.g. Bakardjieva, 2012;Biddix & Park, 2008;Fisher & Boekkooi, 2010;Harlow & Harp, 2012;Maireder & Schwarzenegger, 2011;Tufekci & Wilson, 2012). …”

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confidence: 99%

Source effects in the micro-mobilization of collective action via social media

Nekmat

Gower

Gonzenbach

et al. 2015

Information, Communication & Society

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Research has shown that micro-mobilization efforts that invoke social media rely heavily on the influence of personal networks to motivate collective action participation. This study examines whether this trend applies (a) to networks of different levels of personalness, (b) to causes and organizations which people are either unaware of or not affiliated with, and (c) how personal networks affect people's willingness to participate in online versus offline forms of collective action, when personal dispositional factors (activism-and issue involvement, perceived self-, technological-, and group efficacies) are considered. An experiment (N = 315) tested whether calls-to-action by different sources via social media (close personal networks v. distant social networks v. organization officials) influence individuals' willingness to publicly express support online through social media-based collective activities (e.g. commenting, hyperlinking, 'Liking', etc.) and offline activities (e.g. demonstrations, donning campaign materials, etc.). Findings are leveraged to provide practical insight and to inform theoretical development in these domains.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Source effects in the micro-mobilization of collective action via social media

Nekmat

Gower

Gonzenbach

et al. 2015

Information, Communication & Society

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“…Convenience of digital activism and the fact that they can be accessed and used easily were also pointed out by activists from other cultures; e.g. by Egyptian and Scottish activists (Gerbaudo, 2012, p. 136;Hemmi & Crowther, 2013, p. 2 for reaching a mass of potential supporters, their interactive nature and how this interactive nature helps create online communities that act together to solve social issues were asserted by activists from other cultures as well (Ghannam, 2011;Gerbaudo, 2012;Harlow & Harp, 2012;Harp, Bachmann & Guo, 2012;Hemmi & Crowther, 2013 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Attracting attention, keeping events on the agenda of the country, generating national and international support were also among the main purposes that social networking sites served according to these activists. It should be noted here that the role social media plays in creating awareness, management of protests and creating positive publicity for the activists and the cause itself were reported by activists from Egypt, Latin America, the United States and Scotland as mentioned previously (Ghannam, 2011;Gerbaudo, 2012;Harlow & Harp, 2012;Harp, Bachmann & Guo, 2012;Hemmi & Crowther, 2013 ). However, it was interesting to see that only 131 activists in the sample commented on these purposes despite the fact that they are emphasized to a great extent in both theoretical and applied studies in the field.…”

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confidence: 99%

By the Power of Sns, We Can… and Yet…activism Through Sns: Potential and Limitations in Turkey

Görkem

2016

TOJDAC

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This research article summarizes the findings of a larger research study which attempted to gather data on Turkish activists' perceptions on the scope, strength and limitations of digital activism. Qualitative data were collected via a web-based survey from 302 activists to find out what potential and limitations Turkish activists attribute to utilization of SNS for activism purposes. The results illustrated that a total of 263 activists in the sample appreciated SNS for providing a fertile ground for activism and a total of 131 activists drew attention to the potential of SNS for managerial purposes, for awareness raising and for creating positive publicity for the cause and the activists. The role of SNS for the maintenance of polyvocality was expressed by a total of 115 activists. The political environment, surveillance, control and manipulation of the internet, disbelief in jurisdiction, the fear atmosphere and the social environment were the limitations selfreported by the activists in the sample. Keywords: Digital activism, SNS, potential, limitations, Gezi SOSYAL PAYLAŞIM SİTELERİNİN GÜCÜ ADINA BAŞARABİLİRİZ; FAKAT...TÜRKİYE'DE SOSYAL PAYLAŞIM SİTELERİ ÜZERİNDEN YÜRÜTÜLEN AKTİVİZMİN POTANSİYELİ VE SINIRLILIKLARI ÖZBu makale, Türk aktivistlerin dijital aktivizmin kapsamı, gücü ve sınırlılıkları ile ilgili algıları üzerine veri toplamayı amaçlayan kapsamlı bir çalışmanın sonuçlarının bir kısmını özetlemektedir. Türk aktivistlerin sosyal paylaşım sitelerinin aktivizm amaçlı kullanımına hangi potansiyel ve sınırlılıkları atfettiğini bulmak amacıyla 302 aktivisten internet üzerinden oluşturulmuş bir anketle nitel veri toplanıldı. Sonuçlar, 263 aktivistin sosyal paylaşım sitelerinin aktivizm için verimli bir ortam yarattığını ve bu bağlamda sosyal paylaşım sitelerini değerli bulduğunu ve 131 aktivistin sosyal paylaşım sitelerinin dijital aktivizm eylemleri sırasında yönetimsel fonksiyonlar amacıyla kullanımı, bilinçlendirme ve dava ve aktivistlerle ilgili olumlu imaj yaratma konularındaki potansiyeline dikkat çektiğini göstermiştir. Sosyal paylaşım sitelerinin çoksesliliğin sağlanması konusundaki rolü 115 aktivist tarafından ifade edildi. Siyasi ortam, denetim, internetin kontrolü ve manipülasyonu, yargıya olan güvensizlik, korku atmosferi ve sosyal ortam bu çalışmanın örnekleminde bulunan aktivistler tarafından belirtilen sınırlılıklardı. Anahtar Kelimeler: Dijital aktivism, sosyal paylaşım siteleri, potansiyel, sınırlılıklar, Gezi INTRODUCTIONAdvances in information technologies have accelerated and enhanced the global flow of ideology, information and opinion; each and every individual now has the opportunity to become an active agent in the process of information and opinion flow. The user centered structure of the internet has enabled individuals to become more autonomous and given birth to a new form of communication, which Castells calls 'personal mass communication'. Individuals can now share information without facing any limitations exposed by gatekeepers; they also select and attend to a vari...

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“…Social networking sites in particular have been regarded by social movement activists as holding promising potential for mobilisation into collective action (Harlow and Harp, 2012). Nonetheless, the organisational ramifications of their usage are only beginning to be systematically addressed (Juris, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In so doing, the question of the latitude for deliberative decision-making with information and communication technologies (ICTs) is revisited (see also della Porta, 2011;Loader and Mercea, 2011) Each camp had a presence on Facebook through a number of different outlets such as fan pages, groups or individual accounts. This article explores the communication on the Facebook groups of the protest camps in order to further the nascent, though timely, scholarship on the application of social media to protest (see Harlow and Harp, 2012). There is currently much debate about their contribution to channelling discontent into embodied collective action (Gladwell, 2010;Fenton and Barassi, 2011;Segerberg and Bennett, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

Probing the Implications of Facebook Use of the Organizational Form of Social Movement Organizations

Mercea

2013

SSRN Journal

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This is the unspecified version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Each camp had a presence on Facebook through a number of different outlets such as fan pages, groups or individual accounts. This article explores the communication on the Facebook groups of the protest camps in order to further the nascent, though timely, scholarship on the application of social media to protest (see Harlow and Harp, 2012). There is currently much debate about their contribution to channelling discontent into embodied collective action (Gladwell, 2010;Fenton and Barassi, 2011;Segerberg and Bennett, 2011). Permanent repository linkThe decision to scrutinise activist communication on Facebook was grounded on previous suggestions that social movement organisations (SMOs) have been historically adroit at strategically harnessing ICTs not least to draw popular support to their causes (Castells, 2009;Chadwick, 2007). Social networking sites in particular have been regarded by social movement activists as holding promising potential for mobilisation into collective action (Harlow and Harp, 2012). Nonetheless, the organisational ramifications of their usage are only beginning to be systematically addressed (Juris, 2012).What scope is there for a democratic expansion of SMO organisational forms through SNS communication? SMO organisational forms meet social mediaThe organisational form of an SMO represents its internal structure of interpersonal relations (Clemens, 1996). Organisational form has been described as a reflection of a purposive strategy to mobilise participants in collective action and to maintain engagement in it (Clemens, 1996; Tarrow, 1998: 124).There are indications that "social network sites pose a challenge to existing hierarchies in organisations-both within the formal political system and without" (Gustafsson, 2012:13).This article takes as a starting point emergent evidence that organisational boundaries are becoming increasingly porous and SMOs are experimenting with organisational forms to face up to more transient involvement in their actions, mediated by ICTs (Flanagin et al., 2006).The effects of ICTs on organisational forms may be particularly challenging in sectors where they exacerbate existing dilemmas (Desanctis and Fulk, 1999). For instance, social movement organisations have been markedly susceptible to a scrutiny of their openness and democratic conduct (see Hirschman, 1970; della Porta and Diani, 2006:135-40; Gamson, 4 4 1991). SMOs have had to reconcile leadership requirements that centralize decision-making with a moral imperative to make their decisions more democratic (Klandermans, 1997:134).Nonetheless, it seems unlikely that SMOs would follow a linear path to a technologically mediated democratisation of their organisational form. Rather, there has been significant restraint in how they interact with their online audience through websites, which are chiefly employed for the top-down relay of information (Stein, 2009). This assessment,...

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Collective Action on the Web

Cited by 143 publications

References 27 publications

Source effects in the micro-mobilization of collective action via social media

Source effects in the micro-mobilization of collective action via social media

By the Power of Sns, We Can… and Yet…activism Through Sns: Potential and Limitations in Turkey

Probing the Implications of Facebook Use of the Organizational Form of Social Movement Organizations

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