Collectivity and electromagnetic radiation in small systems

Shen, Chun; Paquet, Jean-François; Denicol, Gabriel S.; Jeon, Sangyong; Gale, Charles

doi:10.1103/physrevc.95.014906

Cited by 130 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Inclusive η meson production has been measured in pp collisions at different LHC energies [33,34,62], which could be used to improve the η meson FF [97] utilizing global fits, similar to a recent calculation for pions and kaons [15,101]. , pQCD calculations at NLO [6,13,95] using EPPS16 nPDF [96] or using the nCTEQ nPDF [10] and DSS14 FF [15] for the π 0 and using nCTEQ nPDF [10] and AESSS FF [97] for the η meson, hydrodynamic framework (labeled as VISHNU) [98] using the iEBE-VISHNU code [99], DPMJET model [82], and HIJING model [81]. The blue band on the EPOS3 calculation shows the statistical errors of the prediction.…”

Section: Comparisons To Theoretical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neutral pion and $$\eta $$ η meson production in p–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$$ s NN = 5.02 TeV

et al. 2018

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Neutral pion and η meson invariant differential yields were measured in non-single diffractive p-Pb collisions at √ s NN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC. The analysis combines results from three complementary photon measurements, utilizing the PHOS and EMCal calorimeters and the Photon Conversion Method. The invariant differential yields of π 0 and η meson inclusive production are measured near mid-rapidity in a broad transverse momentum range of 0.3 < p T < 20 GeV/c and 0.7 < p T < 20 GeV/c, respectively. The measured η/π 0 ratio increases with p T and saturates for p T > 4 GeV/c at 0.483 ± 0.015 stat ± 0.015 sys . A deviation from m T scaling is observed for p T < 2 GeV/c. The measured η/π 0 ratio is consistent with previous measurements from proton-nucleus and pp collisions over the full p T range. The measured η/π 0 ratio at high p T also agrees within uncertainties with measurements from nucleus-nucleus collisions. The π 0 and η yields in p-Pb relative to the scaled pp interpolated reference, R pPb , are presented for 0.3 < p T < 20 GeV/c and 0.7 < p T < 20 GeV/c, respectively. The results are compared with theoretical model calculations. The values of R pPb are consistent with unity for transverse momenta above 2 GeV/c. These results support the interpretation that the suppressed yield of neutral mesons measured in Pb-Pb collisions at LHC energies is due to parton energy loss in the hot QCD medium.

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Section: Comparisons To Theoretical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The iEBE-VISHNU package [99] consists of a 3+1 viscous hydrodynamical model coupled to a hadronic cascade model [98]. Fluctuating initial conditions in the transverse plane are generated using a Monte-Carlo Glauber model.…”

Section: Comparisons To Theoretical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutral pion and $$\eta $$ η meson production in p–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$$ s NN = 5.02 TeV

et al. 2018

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“…This leads to a smaller hadronic phase in these collision systems. Most of the thermal photons come from the hot QGP phase, T > 180 MeV [32]. Hence, the difference between the QGP photon emission rates should be more distinctive in these small collision systems.…”

Section: Direct Photon Emission In Small Collision Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the difference between the QGP photon emission rates should be more distinctive in these small collision systems. In contrast to nucleus-nucleus collisions that were analyzed in the previous sections, full (3+1)D hydrodynamic simulations with Monte-Carlo Glauber model as initial conditions are employed for the medium evolution in central p+Pb and d+Au collisions [33]. The parameters in the hydrodynamic model are chosen such that a variety of hadronic flow observables can be reproduced.…”

Section: Direct Photon Emission In Small Collision Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct-Photon Spectra and Anisotropic Flow in Heavy Ion Collisions from Holography

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The thermal-photon emission from strongly coupled gauge theories at finite temperature is calculated by using holographic models for QCD in the Veneziano limit (V-QCD). These emission rates are then embedded in hydrodynamic simulations combined with prompt photons from hard scattering and the thermal photons from hadron gas to analyze the spectra and anisotropic flow of direct photons at RHIC and LHC. The results from different sources responsible for the thermal photons in the quark gluon plasma (QGP) including the weakly coupled QGP (wQGP) from perturbative calculations, strongly coupled N=4 super Yang-Mills (SYM) plasma (as a benchmark for reference), and Gubser's phenomenological model mimicking the strongly coupled QGP (sQGP) are then compared. It is found that the direct-photon spectra are enhanced in the strongly coupled scenario compared with the ones in the wQGP, especially at intermediate and high momenta, which improve the agreements with data. Moreover, by using IP-glassma initial states, both the elliptic flow and triangular flow of direct photons are amplified at high momenta (p T >2.5 GeV) for V-QCD, while they are suppressed at low momenta compared to wQGP. The distinct results in holography stem from the blue-shift of emission rates in strong coupling. In addition, the spectra and flow in small collision systems were evaluated for future comparisons. It is found that thermal photons from the deconfined phase are substantial to reconcile the spectra and flow at high momenta.

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“…These may be especially important in semi-peripheral heavy-ion collisions and in proton-nucleus collisions, where their relative contribution to the thermal yield [44], as a function of centrality, may help constrain the onset of thermalization in QCD matter. First phenomenological studies of photon production in the Glasma [45,46] suggest that this contribution is significant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric estimate of the relative photon yields from the glasma and the quark-gluon plasma in heavy-ion collisions

Berges

Reygers²,

Tanji

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. C

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Recent classical-statistical numerical simulations have established the "bottom-up" thermalization scenario of Baier et al. [1] as the correct weak coupling effective theory for thermalization in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. We perform a parametric study of photon production in the various stages of this bottom-up framework to ascertain the relative contribution of the off-equilibrium "Glasma" relative to that of a thermalized Quark-Gluon Plasma. Taking into account the constraints imposed by the measured charged hadron multiplicities at RHIC and the LHC, we find that Glasma contributions are important especially for large values of the saturation scale at both energies. These non-equilibrium effects should therefore be taken into account in studies where weak coupling methods are employed to compute photon yields.

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Collectivity and electromagnetic radiation in small systems

Cited by 130 publications

References 96 publications

Neutral pion and $$\eta $$ η meson production in p–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$$ s NN = 5.02 TeV

Neutral pion and $$\eta $$ η meson production in p–Pb collisions at $$\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$$ s NN = 5.02 TeV

Direct-Photon Spectra and Anisotropic Flow in Heavy Ion Collisions from Holography

Parametric estimate of the relative photon yields from the glasma and the quark-gluon plasma in heavy-ion collisions

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