College student sleep and executive functioning: An examination of potential moderators.

Abstract

Approximately 60% of college students report sleep disturbances. Sleep disturbances, such as insomnia, negatively influence physical energy, cognitive resources, and affective states that might inhibit executive functioning. To better delineate the variables that alter the college student insomnia and executive functioning relationship we examined sleepiness, sleep debt, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology. We expected insomnia to predict executive dysfunction, with a stronger relationship observed at higher levels of the focal moderator (i.e., sleepiness, sleep debt, or ADHD symptoms). Undergraduate participants (n ϭ 472) completed a cross-sectional survey assessing insomnia, state sleepiness, sleep debt, ADHD symptomatology (inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity), and executive dysfunction. Hierarchical linear regressions showed that poor sleep had a negative influence on executive function when college students also had high levels of impulsivity, state sleepiness, or sleep debt. These results partially support our expectations and further the academic sleep-related literature while providing insight for counselors, academic advisors, or other professionals working with college student populations. What is the significance of this article for the general public?This research reports that poor sleep harms college students' adaptive executive functioning. Moreover, the negative influence of poor sleep on executive function is stronger when college students are highly impulsive, experience high daytime sleepiness levels, or have more sleep debt. We discuss these findings' implications for theory, as well as their practical application.

The role of education attainment on 24-hour movement behavior in emerging adults: evidence from a population-based study

“…Additionally, higher education levels may be associated with increased stress and anxiety, which can negatively impact sleep quality and duration ( 39 – 41 ). Moreover, cultural expectations surrounding academic success and achievement may lead adolescents with higher education levels to prioritize academic work and career development over adequate sleep ( 42 , 43 ). To promote this group's health, it is important to prioritize sleep hygiene and promote healthy sleep habits among all adolescents, regardless of their education levels.…”