Colletotrichum acutatum occurs asymptomatically on apple leaves

Børve, J.; Stensvand, Arne

doi:10.1007/s10658-016-1050-3

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…C. acutatum species complex (SC) infections on apples in Europe are frequently reported with increasing numbers of recent reports from Belgium, England, Italy, France, Norway and Slovenia (Børve and Stensvand 2015;Grammen et al 2019;Mari et al 2012;Munda 2014;Munir et al 2016;Nodet et al 2016). Studies from Germany and Sweden describe postharvest losses of apple fruits of 10 and 25%, respectively, by C. acutatum SC (Børve and Stensvand 2017;Weber and Palm 2010).…”

Section: Colletotrichum Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent postharvest pathogens of pome fruit and their management: from single measures to a systems intervention approach

Wenneker

Thomma

2020

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Postharvest diseases of pome fruit are typically caused by a wide diversity of fungal pathogens, and the list of confirmed causal agents is still growing. There is considerable knowledge on the epidemiology of wound pathogens, such as Botrytis cinerea and Penicillium expansum. In contrast, knowledge on the occurrence of the different postharvest diseases caused after latent (quiescent) infections during long-term storage and their epidemiology is limited. Well-known pathogens causing postharvest losses after latent infections are Neofabraea spp. and Colletotrichum spp., but in many cases the causal agents that occur in a specific region remain unknown and their control relies on the routine use of fungicide applications. However, due to the growing concern over the use of synthetic fungicides, alternative control measures are highly desired. Over the past years the use of physical treatments, natural compounds, and biocontrol agents have been investigated as alternatives. However, no single method has emerged that can robustly and reliably control postharvest diseases of pome fruit in practice. In this review it is argued to approach latent postharvest diseases as complex problems that require multiple interventions at different stages of the disease process in a systems intervention approach for their control. Such approach requires a deep understanding of the epidemiology of the causal agents in the orchard, fruit defence mechanisms against pathogens, and the molecular biology of host-pathogen interactions in order to develop novel disease control methods in which the deployment of resistant cultivars can be a cornerstone.

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Section: Colletotrichum Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent postharvest pathogens of pome fruit and their management: from single measures to a systems intervention approach

Wenneker

Thomma

2020

Eur J Plant Pathol

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“…This could be an evidence that it is difficult to exactly assign a correct specific species name to different isolates, compared to assigning it only to a species complex. The question can rise whether it isn't just the population variability that is described in a species complex (and not single species), making it possible to refute the super speciation of the Colletotrichum complexes that exists today (Everett 2014;Børve and Stensvand 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and pathogenicity assessment of Colletotrichum isolates causing bitter rot of apple fruit in Belgium

Grammen

Wenneker

Campenhout³

et al. 2018

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Worldwide Colletotrichum spp. have been identified as a problem in the apple production. This is the first study executed and confirming the presence of Colletotrichum spp. causing the postharvest disease bitter rot on apple fruits in Belgium. The identification, genetic diversity of Colletotrichum isolates (present in Belgian apple orchards) their morphological traits and pathogenicity on two apple cultivars (cvs. Pinova and Nicoter) with a different level of susceptibility were studied. Based on sequence analysis of six different gene regions beta-tubuline (TUB2), histone H3 (HIS3), glyceraldehyde-3phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), chitin synthase 1 gene (CHS-1), actin (ACT) and the Internal Transcriber Spacer (ITS) gene region, six different Colletotrichum spp., belonging to either the C. acutatum or C. gloeosporioides complexes, were isolated from twenty-one apple cultivars in three Belgian orchards: C. fioriniae, probably C. kahawae, C. salicis, C. rhombiforme, C. acutatum and C. godetiae. Colletotrichum godetiae was found to be the most present and pathogenic species in Belgian orchards. The species C. rhombiforme was found and identified on apple fruit for the first time. Reliable morphological discrimination between species, based on features such as in vitro growth rate, colony colour and spore measurements, is not possible. As such, molecular identification appears to outperform morphological analysis and was in this study the most ideal tool for identifying unknown isolates of Colletotrichum species. Inoculation assays on two apple cultivars revealed a significant difference in pathogenicity among isolates and among Colletotrichum species. The pathogenicity tests also showed that isolates coming from another host species, e.g. strawberry, are also pathogenic on apple fruits. Cultivar Pinova appeared to be more susceptible to bitter rot than cv. Nicoter. Given the difficulties with managing Colletotrichum infections, additional knowledge on the pathogen and the plant-pathogen interaction is essential for effective disease control.

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“…Indeed, many questions have been recently raised regarding the pathogenicity of C. acutatum species complex on apple leaves. In previous studies, isolates belonging to this complex and originated from leaf spots either were not pathogenic (Børve and Stensvand 2017) and/or they did not fullfil Koch's Postulates (Wallhead et al 2014;Rosenberger 2016). Coincidentally, González et al (2006) also recovered some C. acutatum isolates from apple leaf spots, but they did not succeed in proving pathogenicity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…2c). It has been suggested that species within C. acutatum complex when found in leaves may act as a source of inoculum and/or apparently remain asymptomatic until finding favorable conditions to cause disease (Børve and Stensvand 2017;Rosenberger 2016;De Silva et al 2017). This issue should be further clarified since differences in the ability to infect different host tissues, such as leaves and fruits can clearly exist in this pathosystem (Velho et al 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling Colletotrichum species associated with Glomerella leaf spot of apple

Velho

Stadnik

Wallhead

2018

Trop. plant pathol.

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Glomerella leaf spot (GLS), caused by Colletotrichum spp., is one of the most important diseases of apple. In this study we aimed to identify Colletotrichum species associated with GLS from different apple-producing areas in Southern Brazil and assess their differential pathogenicity towards apple. Sequencing and multilocus phylogenetic analysis using partial gene regions of ITS, GAPDH, TUB2, ACT and HIS3 allowed the identification of eighteen isolates of Colletotrichum fructicola, and only one of Colletotrichum nymphaeae. All isolates were pathogenic to apple leaves, while C. nymphaeae did not cause symptoms. Worldwide, our literature review showed nine Colletotrichum species reported associated with GLS in different countries:

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Colletotrichum acutatum occurs asymptomatically on apple leaves

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Latent postharvest pathogens of pome fruit and their management: from single measures to a systems intervention approach

Latent postharvest pathogens of pome fruit and their management: from single measures to a systems intervention approach

Identification and pathogenicity assessment of Colletotrichum isolates causing bitter rot of apple fruit in Belgium

Unraveling Colletotrichum species associated with Glomerella leaf spot of apple

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