We present an experimental study of laser-induced fluorescence spectra of Cs atoms embedded in superfluid and solid 4 He, as well as in dense supercritical fluid He. The studied temperature range is increased with respect to earlier studies by the use of intense laser pulses for the transient local heating of the helium sample. The analysis of the experimental spectra is based on two different approaches: the atomic-bubble model and quasistatic line-broadening theory in the limit of high perturber density. Our results indicate that the temperature dependence of the experimentally observed spectra can be traced back to temperature-dependent correlations in the motion of He atoms in the sample.