Colloid Stability

Eastman, John R.

doi:10.1002/9781444305395.ch3

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As noted by Rippel and Seifalian, ‘Nanoparticles in solution are called colloids’. A review of colloid chemistry provides insight into NP physical–chemical properties that impact their uptake, distribution, pharmacodynamics, dosimetrics, and biological fate . In a colloidal system one substance is microscopically dispersed throughout another.…”

Section: Colloidal Chemistry Influences “What the Cell Sees”mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Metal‐based nanoparticle interactions with the nervous system: the challenge of brain entry and the risk of retention in the organism

Yokel

Grulke

MacPhail

2013

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review of metal-based nanoparticles focuses on factors influencing their distribution into the nervous system, evidence they enter brain parenchyma, and nervous system responses. Gold is emphasized as a model metal-based nanoparticle and for risk assessment in the companion review. The anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, basics of colloid chemistry, and environmental factors that influence what cells see are reviewed to provide background on the biological, physical-chemical, and internal milieu factors that influence nervous system nanoparticle uptake. The results of literature searches reveal little nanoparticle research included the nervous system, which about equally involved in vitro and in vivo methods, and very few human studies. The routes of uptake into the nervous system and mechanisms of nanoparticle uptake by cells are presented with examples. Brain nanoparticle uptake inversely correlates with size. The influence of shape has not been reported. Surface charge has not been clearly shown to affect flux across the blood-brain barrier. There is very little evidence for metal-based nanoparticle distribution into brain parenchyma. Metal-based nanoparticle disruption of the blood-brain barrier and adverse brain changes have been shown, and are more pronounced for spheres than rods. Study concentrations need to be put in exposure contexts. Work with dorsal root ganglion cells and brain cells in vitro show the potential for metal-based nanoparticles to produce toxicity. Interpretation of these results must consider the ability of nanoparticles to distribute across the barriers protecting the nervous system. Effects of the persistence of poorly soluble metal-based nanoparticles are of particular concern.

show abstract

Section: Colloidal Chemistry Influences “What the Cell Sees”mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Charge stabilization is an important way to control coalescence of colloidal dispersions . Colloidal stability is usually defined as the tendency for particles to agglomerate/aggregate or form sediment.…”

Section: Colloidal Chemistry Influences “What the Cell Sees”mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal‐based nanoparticle interactions with the nervous system: the challenge of brain entry and the risk of retention in the organism

Yokel

Grulke

MacPhail

2013

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…z-pot value was then identified as a threshold value to define the stability behaviour of ENM in solvents. The z-pot threshold value between stable and unstable aqueous suspensions is generally set at either +30 or À30 mV (Eastman 2005). It is essential to measure z-pot as a function of pH, as this permits the determination of the point of zero charge (PZC), the pH value with z-pot equals to zero, where an ENM dispersion exhibits the highest propensity to aggregate (Rose et al 2007).…”

Section: Indicators and Rating Classes Used To Estimate Enm Hazardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight of Evidence approach for the relative hazard ranking of nanomaterials

Zuin¹,

Micheletti²,

Critto

et al. 2010

Nanotoxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In assessing hazard for human health posed by newly engineered nanomaterials (ENM), approaches such as Weight of Evidence (WOE) and expert judgment are required to develop conclusions about the hazard of ENM. This is because all factors affecting hazard are not currently well defined and are often subject to different interpretation. Here we report the application of a WOE procedure to assess the potential of ENM to cause harm for human health, by integrating and combining physicochemical properties of NM and toxicity data obtained within the EU-funded Particle Risk project. The procedure was applied to carbon black (CB), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT), C60 fullerene and quantum dots (QD) ENM tested during the Particle Risk project. The results show that some of the investigated ENM present a relatively higher hazardousness level on the basis of the integration of their physicochemical properties and toxicological effects, and that their hazard may be ranked as follow: QD >> C60 > SWNT > CB. This case study shows the utility of WOE approach to obtain a hazard ranking of ENM.

show abstract

“…It has been shown in previous studies [12,24,25] that this coagulation kernel can predict the rate of particle coagulation in relatively dilute latexes (around 30 vol.-% solids content). In more concentrated systems, the expression used to calculate the inverse Debye length must be modified to account for concentration effects [26] (see Eq. (A.7) in Appendix A).…”

Section: Population Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expression used to compute the inverse Debye length is modified to account for concentration effects [26]: The expression A tot r=e accounts for the counterions carried by neighboring particles, while the denominator of 1-f accounts for the reduced solution volume available to ions. The ionic strength of the solution (I) is defined as:…”

Section: Appendix A: Overview Of the Coagulation Kernelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Computational Framework to Model the Scale‐up of High‐Solid‐Content Polymer Latex Reactors

Pohn

Heniche²,

Fradette³

et al. 2010

Chem Eng & Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A computational framework, consisting of a laminar computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation model coupled to a multizonal population balance, is developed to assist in the scale-up of high-solid-content (HSC) latex production and processing. Poly3D CFD software is used to generate flow fields inside a series of reactors; this information is then sent to the process model to assess the impact of nonhomogeneous mixing on the evolution of the latex particle size distribution (PSD) when concentrated latex suspension is altered via the addition of a coagulant. As the general shape of the PSD evolves, the model monitors changes in the rheological parameters in each zone of the reactor; the flow field is recomputed if a significant change in any of the properties is detected. The details of the framework are presented and its utility is demonstrated. Preliminary results indicate that nonhomogeneity inside the reactor will have an effect on the final latex PSD obtained.

show abstract

Colloid Stability

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Metal‐based nanoparticle interactions with the nervous system: the challenge of brain entry and the risk of retention in the organism

Metal‐based nanoparticle interactions with the nervous system: the challenge of brain entry and the risk of retention in the organism

Weight of Evidence approach for the relative hazard ranking of nanomaterials

Development of a Computational Framework to Model the Scale‐up of High‐Solid‐Content Polymer Latex Reactors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About