Colloidal Quantum Dots-PMMA Waveguides as Integrable Microwave Photonic Phase Shifters

Ricchiuti, Amelia Lavinia; Suárez, Isaac; Barrera, David; Rodríguez-Cantó, Pedro J.; Fernández-Pousa, Carlos R.; Abargues, Rafael; Sales, Salvador; Martı́nez-Pastor, J.; Capmany, J.

doi:10.1109/lpt.2013.2295253

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These structures improve the results obtained with QD-PMMA waveguides published in [17] under the same pumping conditions due to a better confinement of the light thanks to the proposed QD-SU8 monolayer waveguide structure. Moreover, we have already demonstrated that propagation of light along the waveguides is improved depositing passive claddings on the top of the nanocomposite [17,19]. Thus, a novel bidimensional waveguide consisting of a bilayer structure composed by a QD-SU8 layer and a SU8 cladding layer is also proposed, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The QD diameter was about 4.5 nm [21], which corresponds to an exciton absorption peak close to 1550 nm -see inset of Fig. 2-and hence providing efficient absorption at this wavelength [17]. Then, the different QD-polymer nanocomposites structures were fabricated on a SiO 2 /Si substrate (2 μm of SiO 2 ) in order to provide a high refractive index contrast in the active material (around 2% respect the SiO 2 ).…”

Section: Waveguide Structure and Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, we have already demonstrated that planar waveguides, as depicted in Fig. 1(a), fabricated by the dispersion of PbS QDs in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) can induce a phase shift over microwave signals carried at 1550 nm when the structure is pumped at 980 nm, where the QDs show significant absorption [17]. Nevertheless, integrated photonic technology on general and integrated microwave photonics in particular requires not only planar structures, but also lateral light confinement structures to improve the light-matter interaction in order to design more complex devices and functionalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MWP phase shifters integrated in PbS-SU8 waveguides

Hervás¹,

Suárez²,

Pérez³

et al. 2015

Opt. Express

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Abstract:We present new kind of microwave phase shifters (MPS) based on dispersion of PbS colloidal quantum dots (QDs) in commercially available photoresist SU8 after a ligand exchange process. Ridge PbS-SU8 waveguides are implemented by integration of the nanocomposite in a silicon platform. When these waveguides are pumped at wavelengths below the band-gap of the PbS QDs, a phase shift in an optically conveyed (at 1550 nm) microwave signal is produced. The strong light confinement produced in the ridge waveguides allows an improvement of the phase shift as compared to the case of planar structures. Moreover, a novel ridge bilayer waveguide composed by a PbS-SU8 nanocomposite and a SU8 passive layer is proposed to decrease the propagation losses of the pump beam and in consequence to improve the microwave phase shift up to 36.5º at 25 GHz. Experimental results are reproduced by a theoretical model based on the slow light effect produced in a semiconductor waveguide due to the coherent population oscillations. The resulting device shows potential benefits respect to the current MPS technologies since it allows a fast tunability of the phase shift and a high level of integration due to its small size. 2015 Optical Society of America References and links1.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Waveguide Structure and Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MWP phase shifters integrated in PbS-SU8 waveguides

Hervás¹,

Suárez²,

Pérez³

et al. 2015

Opt. Express

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“…Thus, attenuation of light travelling at long wavelengths can be controlled by pumping the nanostructures at higher energies (shorter wavelengths). This effect was demonstrated in [87] by using PbS-PMMA bilayer waveguides to produce phase shifts in microwave signals. When these structures are pumped at wavelengths in which PbS has efficient absorption (980 or 1310 nm), a phase shift in a microwave signal carried at 1550 nm is induced.…”

Section: -P13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Active photonic devices based on colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals and organometallic halide perovskites

Suárez¹

2016

Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys.

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Abstract. Semiconductor nanocrystals have arisen as outstanding materials to develop a new generation of optoelectronic devices. Their fabrication under simple and low cost colloidal chemistry methods results in cheap nanostructures able to provide a wide range of optical functionalities. Their attractive optical properties include a high absorption cross section below the band gap, a high quantum yield emission at room temperature, or the capability of tuning the band-gap with the size or the base material. In addition, their solution process nature enables an easy integration on several substrates and photonic structures. As a consequence, these nanoparticles have been extensively proposed to develop several photonic applications, such as detection of light, optical gain, generation of light or sensing. This manuscript reviews the great effort undertaken by the scientific community to construct active photonic devices based on these nanoparticles. The conditions to demonstrate stimulated emission are carefully studied by comparing the dependence of the optical properties of the nanocrystals with their size, shape and composition. In addition, this paper describes the design of different photonic architectures (waveguides and cavities) to enhance the generation of photoluminescence, and hence to reduce the threshold of optical gain. Finally, semiconductor nanocrystals are compared to organometallic halide perovskites, as this novel material has emerged as an alternative to colloidal nanoparticles.

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“…Therefore, such "nanocomposite" waveguide geometry [ Fig. 1(a)] is compatible with the QDs' ff as low as 10 −4 -10 −3 , sufficient for fabrication of linear optical elements, such as white light generators [7], sensors [8], and microwave photonics devices [9], but not for fabrication of active nonlinear elements providing light amplification and lasing, for which ff > 0.01 is desirable [2]. Indeed, only high QD concentrations will overcome the exciton annihilation (Auger) effect [2], as has been done previously by using closely packed QD films or solgel matrices [2,3,10,11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient excitation of photoluminescence in a two-dimensional waveguide consisting of a quantum dot-polymer sandwich-type structure

et al. 2014

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In this Letter, we study a new kind of organic polymer waveguide numerically and experimentally by combining an ultrathin (10-50 nm) layer of compactly packed CdSe/ZnS core/shell colloidal quantum dots (QDs) sandwiched between two cladding poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) layers. When a pumping laser beam is coupled into the waveguide edge, light is mostly confined around the QD layer, improving the efficiency of excitation. Moreover, the absence of losses in the claddings allows the propagation of the pumping laser beam along the entire waveguide length; hence, a high-intensity photoluminescence (PL) is produced. Furthermore, a novel fabrication technology is developed to pattern the PMMA into ridge structures by UV lithography in order to provide additional light confinement. The sandwich-type waveguide is analyzed in comparison to a similar one formed by a PMMA film homogeneously doped by the same QDs. A 100-fold enhancement in the waveguided PL is found for the sandwich-type case due to the higher concentration of QDs inside the waveguide.

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Colloidal Quantum Dots-PMMA Waveguides as Integrable Microwave Photonic Phase Shifters

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

MWP phase shifters integrated in PbS-SU8 waveguides

MWP phase shifters integrated in PbS-SU8 waveguides

Active photonic devices based on colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals and organometallic halide perovskites

Efficient excitation of photoluminescence in a two-dimensional waveguide consisting of a quantum dot-polymer sandwich-type structure

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