Colloidal Stability and Cytotoxicity of Polydopamine-Conjugated Gold Nanorods against Prostate Cancer Cell Lines

Abstract

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. Cell invasion is an important step in the process of cancer metastasis. Herein, gold nanorods (GNRs) and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated GNRs were conjugated with polydopamine (PDA). The PDA-nanoconjugates demonstrated excellent colloidal stability upon lyophilization and dispersion in cell culture media with or without the addition of fetal bovine albumin (FBS), compared to unconjugated GNRs. PDA-nanoconjugates exhibited a considerable cytotoxicity against DU-145 and PC3 prostate cancer cell lines over a concentration range of 48 μg/mL–12 μg/mL, while they were biocompatible over a concentration range of 3.0 μg/mL–0.185 μg/mL. Furthermore, PDA-nanoconjugates demonstrated possible anti-invasion activity towards prostate cancer cell lines, particularly DU-145 cell line, by reducing cell migration and cell adhesion properties. The PDA-nanoconjugates could be considered a promising nano-platform toward cancer treatment by reducing the invasion activity; it could also be considered a drug delivery system for chemotherapeutic agents.

Polydopamine nanocomposites and their biomedical applications: A review

“…DA polymerization produces a dopamine‐quinone complex, which then undergoes nucleophilic intermolecular cyclization, resulting in the creation of 5,6‐dihydroxyindole, which is a core element for PDA. A link between the metal and the catechol group of PDA is also involved 24,35 . PDA coating efficiency can be determined by several parameters, including DA concentration, oxidizing agent, pH, temperature, duration, and stirring rate.…”

“…18,20,21 For instance, iron oxide nanoparticles will help as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning, zinc oxide in cancer cell killing, and gold will help enhance cancer cell death. 18,[22][23][24] Furthermore, conjugating PDA NP with drugs and PS is a big area for treating several diseases. PS Chlorin e6 (Ce6), indocyanine green (ICG), and zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPC) conjugated with PDA NP for cancer treatment.…”

“…The PDA NP conjugation with metallic nanoparticles like gold, platinum, silver, iron oxide, and zinc oxide synergizes cancer treatment and imaging of cancer cells 18,20,21 . For instance, iron oxide nanoparticles will help as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning, zinc oxide in cancer cell killing, and gold will help enhance cancer cell death 18,22–24 …”

Thermal and Medium Stability Study of Polyvidone-Modified Graphene Oxide-Coated Gold Nanorods with High Photothermal Efficiency

“…The medium stability of all the as-synthesised materials was tested by following Mahmoud et al, 2021 [38] method with slight modification. In brief, 1 mL of PBS/RPMI/DMEM medium solution and 1 mL of each sample were added to a vial, and these vials were placed in an incubator set at 37 • C. Aliquots were taken at different time intervals (15,30,45,60,75, 90 min, and 24 h) and analysed with the UV-Vis-NIR after each incubation.…”

Synthesis of NIR-II Absorbing Gelatin Stabilized Gold Nanorods and Its Photothermal Therapy Application against Fibroblast Histiocytoma Cells

“…Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14, 1137 2 of 13 Many types of surface modifications of Au-NRs by different species such as synthetic polymers [3,[13][14][15][16], MXenes [17], Oxides [7,18,19], biopolymers [20,21], proteins [22][23][24], and organic molecules [25] have been reported for biomedical applications. Though some of these surface modifications are very effective, the procedures are complex, expensive, unstable, and often time-consuming [19].…”