Colonic healing after portal ischemia and reperfusion: an experimental study with oxidative stress biomarkers

Abstract

This experimental study aimed to evaluate colon healing after portal ischemia followed by reperfusion. Seventy male Wistar rats randomly distributed in four groups were used: Group 1, colonic anastomosis (n = 20); Group 2, portal ischemia-reperfusion (n = 20); Group 3, colonic anastomosis and portal ischemia-reperfusion (n = 20); and Group 4, control (n = 10). In the postoperative period, these rats were re-allocated into subgroups and lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation plasma levels were evaluated on days 1 and 5 by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and slot-blotting assays, respectively. A segment of the right colon was also removed for collagen analysis. Both malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl levels (oxidative markers of lipids and proteins) presented a significant increase after reperfusion in Group 3 on days 1 (P < 0.002) and 5 (P < 0.0001). In this same group, an extensive inflammatory process showing decreased fibroplasia was observed, with deficiency in collagen deposition on both sides of the anastomosis edges. Taken together, these results indicate that portal congestion followed by reperfusion induces an oxidative stress, which impaired the mechanism of colon anastomotic healing.

The Oxidative Stress and Nervous Distress Connection in Gastrointestinal Disorders

“…Given that ischemia-reperfusion is associated with oxidative stress, this process was modeled in rats to evaluate the effects of hypoxia by portal vein occlusion on bowel anastomotic healing. In this study, oxidative stress, as measured by lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, was associated with poor anastomotic healing and a lack of collagen deposition [26]. Nevertheless, ischemia is not necessarily required to induce oxidative stress in bowel anastomoses.…”

Responses of matrix metalloproteinases to hyperbaric oxygen treatment: changing for good or ill?

“…The physiopathology leading to complications in ischemic colonic anastomosis is believed to be related to massive ROS generation occurring markedly once intestinal reperfusion is established and oxygen reintroduced 76 . Both MMP-1 and MMP-9 expression are stimulated by ROS-sensitive signaling cascades such as MAPK and NF-κB proinflammatory pathways 22 .…”

Healing of colonic anastomosis in rats under obstructive ileus conditions

“…In particular, it ranges from more than 17% in selective to 30% in urgent interventions. It is also known that more than 30% of patients with colorectal cancer first present with obstructive ileus symptomatology and 10% of them need urgent surgical treatment, which is accompanied by an increased incidence of anastomosis leakage 11-13 .…”