Colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal and endophytic fungi enhanced terpene production in tomato plants and their defense against a herbivorous insect

Shrivastava, Gitika; Ownley, Bonnie H.; Augé, Robert M.; Toler, Heather D.; Dee, M. M.; Vu, A. L.; Köllner, Tobias G.; Chen, Feng

doi:10.1007/s13199-015-0319-1

Cited by 142 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…In Phaseolus challenged by spider mites, for example, AM symbiosis with Funneliformis mosseae increased the emission of b-ocimene and b-caryophyllene, resulting in increased attraction of predators of spider mites (Schausberger et al, 2012). Similarly, Shrivastava et al (2015) observed a greater defence response against beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) in AM than in non-mycorrhizal plants, partly attributable to the difference in levels and blends of terpenoids. Arbuscular mycorrhiza formation led to enhanced levels of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, including monoterpenes such as myrcene, which were not detected in non-mycorrhizal plants.…”

Section: Role Of Terpenoids In Am-reinforced Resistance Against Herbimentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The extent of protection also changes with the feeding style of the attacking herbivore. Arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis seems to benefit phloem-sucking insects (aphids) (Gange et al, 1999;Koricheva et al, 2009), while effects on chewing and leaf-mining insects are largely adverse (Gange and West, 1994;Vicari et al, 2002;Hoffmann et al, 2009); counter-examples, however, also exist (Babikova et al, 2014b;Shrivastava et al, 2015). This considerable variation can be ascribed to some extent to the species (plant, fungus and herbivore) involved in the tripartite interactions (Bennett and Bever, 2007;Gange, 2007;Leitner et al, 2010;Pineda et al, 2010).…”

Section: Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Herbivorous Insect Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies have so far been largely confined to the effects of AM on individual components of terpenoids or a suite of terpenoids (essential oil composition) that have pharmaceutical value. Arbuscular mycorrhiza may enhance the biosynthesis of an individual terpenoid either by increase in isoprene precursors through the induction of biosynthesis pathways and/or by induction of terpene synthase enzymes (Shrivastava et al, 2015). Increases in the level of substrates by enhanced P uptake and increased photosynthetic efficiency have been described (Wright et al, 1998a, b;Kapoor et al, 2002a, b;Rasouli-Sadaghiani et al, 2010).…”

Section: Effects Of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza On Terpenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formation of AM has been demonstrated to change the concentration and composition of terpenoids (Copetta et al, 2006;Khaosaad et al, 2006;Kapoor et al, 2007;Rapparini et al, 2008). This alters the plant's attractiveness and also the insect's behaviour (Schausberger et al, 2012;Babikova et al, 2014a;Shrivastava et al, 2015). Cascading effects on higher trophic levels have also been reported (Gange et al, 2003), as have indirect effect on predators and parasitoids of herbivores (Gange et al, 2003;Guerrieri et al, 2004;Laird and Addicott, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Terpenoids in plant and arbuscular mycorrhiza-reinforced defence against herbivorous insects

Sharma

Anand

Kapoor

2017

Ann Bot

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Background Plants, though sessile, employ various strategies to defend themselves against herbivorous insects and convey signals of an impending herbivore attack to other plant(s). Strategies include the production of volatiles that include terpenoids and the formation of symbiotic associations with fungi, such as arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM). This constitutes a two-pronged above-ground/below-ground attack-defence strategy against insect herbivores.Scope Terpenoids represent an important constituent of herbivore-induced plant volatiles that deter herbivores and/or attract their predators. Terpenoids serve as airborne signals that can induce defence responses in systemic undamaged parts of the plant and also prime defence responses in neighbouring plants. Colonization of roots by AM fungi is known to influence secondary metabolism in plants; this includes alteration of the concentration and composition of terpenoids, which can boost both direct and indirect plant defence against herbivorous insects. Enhanced nutrient uptake facilitated by AM, changes in plant morphology and physiology and increased transcription levels of certain genes involved in the terpenoid biosynthesis pathway result in alterations in plant terpenoid profiles. The common mycorrhizal networks of external hyphae have added a dimension to the two-pronged plant defence strategy. These act as conduits to transfer defence signals and terpenoids.Conclusion Improved understanding of the roles of terpenoids in plant and AM defences against herbivory and of interplant signalling in natural communities has significant implications for sustainable management of pests in agricultural ecosystems.

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Section: Role Of Terpenoids In Am-reinforced Resistance Against Herbimentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Herbivorous Insect Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza On Terpenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Terpenoids in plant and arbuscular mycorrhiza-reinforced defence against herbivorous insects

Sharma

Anand

Kapoor

2017

Ann Bot

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“…The success of mycorrhizal inoculum depends on the capacity to compete for resources of alien species and the association speed with the rhizospheres plants to which these are introduced to (Garg and Pandey, 2015;Gianinazzi et al, 2010;Vicente-Sánchez et al, 2014;Watts-Williams and Cavagnaro, 2014;Wezel et al, 2014). The AMF symbiosis are reflected over the photosynthetic processes, the nutritive elements absorption and improvement of the soil properties (Fritz et al, 2006;Raviv, 2010;Shrivastava et al, 2015;Taffouo et al, 2014;Treseder, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of biofertilisers to improve performance of local genotype tomatoes

et al. 2017

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Complex microbial communities in the plant rhizosphere are responsible for their success in ecosystems. Supplementary inoculation of soil with mycorrhizal fungi and rhizospheric bacteria may act as a plant growth-promoting factor. The present study aims to assess the potential use of biofertilisers on tomato as a way of increasing yield and stability of root exploration area. The experiment was set up in greenhouse, regarding the evaluation of growing dynamics of plants, mycorrhization level and obtained yield. The identification of effective inoculation variants can lead to a standardisation of technologies of growing for local plant genotypes. Data analysis was performed based on the ANOVA test, followed by Tukey HSD, principal component analysis and cluster analysis in order to identify the potential of bioproducts to stimulate the development of tomato plants. Application of bacterial biofertilisers does not stimulate enough the aboveground development of plants. An antagonistic reaction is visible between exogenous mycorrhizas and those specific in soil, acting slightly different for each genotype. Mycorrhizal level in root systems is more dependent on applied biofertilisers than on analyzed genotypes. For the variants without additional fertilisers, a high level of mycorrhization is visible only after 75 days from the transplantation. Based on results we can conclude that microbial active fertilisers may represent viable solutions to increase yield capacity and root exploration area for local tomato genotypes.

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Invisible but consequential: root endophytic fungi have variable effects on belowground plant–insect interactions

2017

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Abstract. Endophytic fungi are ubiquitous in nature and can play important roles in regulating plantherbivore interactions. While some aboveground obligate symbionts are considered defensive mutualists of host plants, the importance of root endophytes in plant defense, especially against root-feeding insects, remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of root fungal endophytes on plant resistance against belowground herbivores and the recovery of host plants from damage. We grew the common grass Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue) semi-aeroponically in the laboratory and inoculated roots with one of five fungal endophytes isolated from field-collected tall fescue or meadow soil. Endophyte-inoculated and uninoculated control plants were subjected to feeding by larvae of the generalist root herbivore Rhizotrogus majalis (European chafer). Herbivory intensity was quantified after eight days, and regrowth of roots and shoots following root herbivory and mechanical shoot damage was measured thereafter for each treatment. Fungal identifications by DNA sequence analysis were conducted after completion of the herbivory experiments and revealed that the five endophytes included the decomposer fungi Trametes versicolor and Mortierella alpina, the entomopathogenic fungi Isaria fumosorosea and Beauveria bassiana, and a potential plant pathogen/entomopathogen Fusarium cf. equiseti. The effects of these root endophytes on plant defense against root-feeding insects were species-specific. While four endophytes had few effects on plant resistance, endophytic B. bassiana significantly reduced herbivore damage to roots. In comparison, plant tolerance to damage was impaired after colonization by all endophyte species except T. versicolor and M. alpina. The contrasting effects of endophytes on plant resistance and plant tolerance suggest that research solely evaluating plant resistance is likely to overestimate the benefits conferred by endophytes without accounting for potential negative effects on plant tolerance. We propose a conceptual framework to include both plant resistance and tolerance as two dimensions of a defensive strategy and show that plant associations with different root endophytes may shift the relative importance of resistance and tolerance for plant defense.

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Colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal and endophytic fungi enhanced terpene production in tomato plants and their defense against a herbivorous insect

Cited by 142 publications

References 72 publications

Terpenoids in plant and arbuscular mycorrhiza-reinforced defence against herbivorous insects

Terpenoids in plant and arbuscular mycorrhiza-reinforced defence against herbivorous insects

Potential of biofertilisers to improve performance of local genotype tomatoes

Invisible but consequential: root endophytic fungi have variable effects on belowground plant–insect interactions

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