Colonization of peripheral intravascular catheters with biofilm producing microbes: Evaluation of risk factors

Singhai, Monil; Malik, Abida; Shahid, Mohd; Malik, Ajamaluddin; Rawat, Vinita

doi:10.4103/0300-1652.99830

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Current data provide evidence that the majority of Candida species recovered from the FOA (biomaterials) have higher capacity to produce biofilm. Similar results were obtained by other studies 45,46 . Kuhn et al, 37 reported that invasive C. albicans isolates form more biofilm than noninvasive isolates 37 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Biofilm Formation and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Isolates From Oral Cavity After the Introduction of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

et al. 2020

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Background and aims: Fixed Orthodontic Appliances (FOA) act as diverse impact zones and modify microbial adherence and colonization, acting as unfamiliar reserves and potential sources of infection This study was conducted to inspect the effect of the introduction of fixed orthodontic appliances on the growth and adherence (biofilm formation) of Candida species. And also to reveal the species distribution and antifungal sensitivity to isolated Candida species. Material and methods: The trial group was chosen from orthodontic patients whom were inspected clinically as soon as to get baseline information prior to active treatment. The group included 210 patients; 165 females, and 45 males, (mean age 21.6 ± 4.5 years). Clinical, demographic, and risk factor data were collected in a standard questionnaire and then each individual was directed to perform an oral rinse with phosphate-buffered saline, which was expectorated and processed proposed for the isolation and identification of Candida species by standard methods. After that, the isolated Candida species were tested for biofilm production by the phenotypic method i.e. Tissue culture palate methods (TCPM). Finally, antibiogram susceptibility pattern of oral Candida species was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method for amphotericin B, ketoconazole, and fluconazole. Results: The most common yeast colonized oral cavity after the introduction of FOA was C. albicans (72.5%), followed by C. glabrata and C. tropicalis (12.5%), while Candida parapsilosis only was 2.5%. The rate of formation of biofilms was 52.5% for all types of Candida, and it was found that biofilm formation occurs more frequently among C. tropicals and C. glabrata (60%) than C. albicans (48.3%). All Candida species isolates were sensitive to amphotericin B and ketoconazole while resistance to fluconazole was found in 40% of C. tropicalis and 20% in C. glabrata and 13.8% in C. albicans. Conclusion: The present study proved that C. albicans is still the major isolate from the oral cavity after the introduction of FOA, but non-albicans species colonization is raised and FOA might be a factor for biofilm formation. The C. tropicalis and C. glabrata were more– biofilm-producers compared to C. albicans. The isolated species in the current study are less susceptible to fluconazole and drug resistant factor in the Candida species isolates was found to be associated with biofilm formation. Peer Review History: Received 24 July 2020; Revised 13 August; Accepted 4 September, Available online 15 September 2020 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Name: Dr. Wadhah Hassan Edrees Affiliation: Hajjah University, Yemen E-mail: edress2020@gmail.com Name: Dr. Muhammad Zahid Iqbal Affiliation: AIMST University, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia E-mail: drmmziqbal@gmail.com Comments of reviewer(s): Similar Articles: ORAL CANDIDA ALBICANS COLONIZATION RATE IN FIXED ORTHODONTICS PATIENTS ORAL C. ALBICANS COLONIZATION AND NON-CANDIDA ALBICANS CANDIDA COLONIZATION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS, YEMEN PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF ORAL NON-CANDIDA ALBICANS CANDIDA CARRIAGE IN DENTURE WEARERS IN SANA'A CITY- YEMEN

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Biofilm Formation and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Isolates From Oral Cavity After the Introduction of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

et al. 2020

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“…It has been demonstrated that there are some correlations between the biofilm-forming capacity of bacteria, and patient demographics and characteristics [ 24 – 26 ]. In the case of S epidermidis , previous studies found a significant correlation between the type of biological samples, and the biofilm production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, this study detected a high capacity to form a biofilm (using the MTP method) which correlated with the hospital wards. However, other factors, such as gender, presence of invasive devices, and prior or prolonged hospitalization have also been shown to be associated with biofilm production by microbes [ 24 – 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Biofilm Formation and Presence of <italic>Ica</italic> Genes in <italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis</italic> Clinical Isolates

Kord

Ardebili

Jamalan

et al. 2018

Osong Public Health Res Perspect

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ObjectivesBiofilm formation is one of the important features of Staphylococcus epidermidis, particularly in nosocomial infections. We aimed to investigate the biofilm production by phenotypic methods and the presence of ica genes in S epidermidis.MethodsA total of 41 S epidermidis isolates were recovered from different clinical specimens. Biofilm formation was evaluated by microtiter plate, tube method and Congo red agar method. The presence of icaA and icaD genes was investigated by PCR. Validity of methods (sensitivity and specificity), and metrics for test performance (positive/negative predictive value, and positive/negative likelihood ratio) were determined.ResultsBy both microtiter plate and tube method, 53.6% of S epidermidis isolates were able to produce biofilm, whilst only 24.4% of isolates provided a biofilm phenotype on Congo red agar plates. icaA and icaD genes were found in 100% and 95.1% of isolates, respectively. Biofilm phenotypes accounted for 4.8% by microtiter plate assay, despite the absence of the ica gene. Congo red agar and PCR exhibited a lower sensitivity (18% and 45.5%, respectively) for identifying the biofilm phenotype in comparison to microtiter plate.ConclusionThe microtiter plate method remains generally a better tool to screen biofilm production in S epidermidis. In addition, the ability of S epidermidis to form biofilm is not always dependent on the presence of ica genes, highlighting the importance of ica-independent mechanisms of biofilm formation. The use of reliable methods to specifically detect biofilms can be helpful to treat the patients affected by such problematic bacteria.

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“…This phenomenon can have deleterious effects because biofilm formation is thought to play an important role in the survival of virulent strains of Staphylococci. In human medicine, it has been estimated that most of nosocomial infections are biofilm associated ( 14 ), Moreover, biofilm formation has been shown to be positively correlated with resistance to antimicrobial agents ( 15 ). About half (45%) of our biofilm producer isolates were also positive in beta -lactamase test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Virulence Factors of Staphylococci Isolated From Wound and Skin Infections in Shahrekord, IR Iran

Ebrahimi‬¹,

Ghasemi²,

Ghasemi³

2014

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background:Staphylococci release a large number of enzymes. Some of these, such as coagulase, beta- lactamase, hemolysins and biofilms are considered indices of pathogenicity.Objectives:The aim of the current study was based on the isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococci (CNS) strains from various skin lesions and examining their biofilms, beta- lactamase, hemolysins production and antibiotic resistance pattern.Materials and Methods:Sixty one infected wounds and 39 skin infections samples were collected and examined. After the culture and identification, examination for production of hemolysins, beta- lactamase, biofilm and susceptibility toward 9 antimicrobials was performed.Results:Out of 75 isolated Staphylococci, sixty (80%) were biofilm producers. Two overall prevalence of 28.5% and 100% of ß-lactamase production were recorded for isolated S. aureus and CNS, respectively. Twenty out of 49 (40.8%), the same number of α- and β- hemolytic S. aureus, were isolated while six (12.24%) were ∂ -hemolysin producers. Twenty two of Twenty six (84.6%) isolates of CNS, were hemolysin producers that all were ∂ type. The S. aureus isolates from wound infections, show a high sensitivity pattern to all examined antibiotics, this sensitivity pattern for isolates from skin dermatitis is relatively low, though.Conclusions:High percentage of hemolysins, biofilm and beta lactamase production by isolated Staphylococci, suggests an important role of these virulence factors in the pathogenesis of isolated Staphylococci from dermatitis lesions. The S. aureus isolates from wound infections, show a high sensitivity pattern to all examined antibiotics. Only ciprofloxacin was found to be active against all isolates from dedermatitis lesions.

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Colonization of peripheral intravascular catheters with biofilm producing microbes: Evaluation of risk factors

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Biofilm Formation and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Isolates From Oral Cavity After the Introduction of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

Biofilm Formation and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Isolates From Oral Cavity After the Introduction of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

Evaluation of Biofilm Formation and Presence of <italic>Ica</italic> Genes in <italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis</italic> Clinical Isolates

Some Virulence Factors of Staphylococci Isolated From Wound and Skin Infections in Shahrekord, IR Iran

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Colonization of peripheral intravascular catheters with biofilm producing microbes: Evaluation of risk factors

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Biofilm Formation and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Isolates From Oral Cavity After the Introduction of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

Biofilm Formation and Antifungal Susceptibility of Candida Isolates From Oral Cavity After the Introduction of Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

Evaluation of Biofilm Formation and Presence of &lt;italic&gt;Ica&lt;/italic&gt; Genes in &lt;italic&gt;Staphylococcus epidermidis&lt;/italic&gt; Clinical Isolates

Some Virulence Factors of Staphylococci Isolated From Wound and Skin Infections in Shahrekord, IR Iran

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Evaluation of Biofilm Formation and Presence of <italic>Ica</italic> Genes in <italic>Staphylococcus epidermidis</italic> Clinical Isolates