Color stability of maxillofacial prosthetic silicone functionalized with oxide nanocoating

Bishal, Arghya Kamal; Wee, Alvin G.; Barão, Valentim A. R.; Yuan, Judy Chia Chun; Landers, Richard; Sukotjo, Cortino; Takoudis, Christos G.

doi:10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.06.007

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Ensuring color stability of maxillofacial prosthetic silicone elastomer (MFPSE) has been a persistent challenge as silicone degenerates over time and color is the first property which is lost. 1–3 Environmental conditions can not only affect the bonding capabilities of polymer chains in MFPSE but also trigger degenerative chemical changes which is visualized as the silicone discharging its original color i.e. color degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting color stability of maxillofacial prosthetic silicone elastomer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Rashid

Barman

Farook

et al. 2020

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

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Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the factors involved in the color stability and degradation of Maxillo-Facial Prosthetic Silicone Elastomer (MFPSE). Further exploration was done to analyze past literature discussing the potential benefits to color stability when nano-particles were combined with pigmented MFPSE. Method: The search for the articles was done according to PRISMA guidelines. Articles were searched from “Scopus” and “Web of Sciences” from the year 1970 to 2019. Searches were carried out by two reviewers until November 2019. Articles for systematic review were selected based on predefined eligibility criteria. Information regarding weathering conditions, pigments and filler-particle inclusion were extracted as appropriate. Further screening was done for meta-analyze case-control studies of red, blue and yellow pigments according to predefined scoring criteria. Meta-analysis was conducted on case-control studies that incorporated 5%,10% and 15% TiO2 in MFPSE with the said pigments and was carried out using Cochrane Review Manager 5.3. Results: 30 studies were selected for systematic review and 6 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. The most prominent influencers of color stability were nano-fillers and the type of color used in the mixing. Furthermore, experimental conditions, weathering, color of investment plaster and the method of color detection all affected the degree of degradation. There was an overall significant difference found when TiO2 was incorporated with the pigmented silicone. There is significant difference when 10% ( P = 0.0004) TiO2 is incorporated with the red pigment, 5% ( P = 0.03) TiO2 with the yellow and 10% ( P < 0.0001) and 15% ( P = 0.02) TiO2 with the blue pigment. Conclusion: Type of pigment and nano-filler incorporated into the silicone play a role in influencing color stability. Incorporation of 10% TiO2 with red pigment,5% with yellow pigment and 10% or 15% TiO2 with blue pigment provided some protection to the silicone elastomer from color degradation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting color stability of maxillofacial prosthetic silicone elastomer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Rashid

Barman

Farook

et al. 2020

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

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“…[ 4 ] Various nanoparticles such as Ti, Zn, Ce, BaSO 4 , POSS, ceramic powder, and silica have evaluated for their effect on mechanical properties [ Table 3 ]. [ 2 3 4 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, when the amount of nanoparticles increases, there may be an inadequate amount of polysiloxane to link the nanoparticles effectively, which would lead to a decrease in the interfacial bonding in the nanoparticle silicone elastomer material. [ 10 20 ] The most commonly used silicone elastomers have low tear strength and tensile strength which makes edges of the prosthesis susceptible to tear easily. The addition of nanoparticles improves the tear strength, tensile strength, and percentage elongation, thereby increasing the longevity of the prosthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of nanoparticles on color stability and mechanical and biological properties of maxillofacial silicone elastomer: A systematic review

Sonnahalli

Chowdhary

2020

J Indian Prosthodont Soc

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Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of addition of various nanoparticles into maxillofacial silicone elastomer on color stability and mechanical and biological properties of the silicone elastomer. Settings and Design: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines(PRISMA). Materials and Methods: The electronic database search in MEDLINE/PubMed was based on population (silicone elastomer), intervention (nanoparticles), comparison (unreinforced silicone elastomer with nanoparticle-reinforced silicone elastomer), outcome (color stability and mechanical, physical, and biological properties), i.e., PICO framework. The key words used are (”maxillofacial silicone” OR “silicone elastomer” OR “facial silicone”) AND (”nanoparticles” OR “Nano-oxides”) AND (”colour stability” OR “Hardness,” “tensile strength” OR “tear strength” OR “antifungal activity”). Results: The database search resulted in 2099 studies, of which 2066 articles were excluded as they were irrelevant, duplicates, and data were not available. The remaining 33 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, out of which 2 articles were in Chinese language, 3 articles were thesis documents, and 8 were review articles. A total of 12 articles were excluded and the remaining 20 articles were included. One article was yielded by hand search of references of included studies. A total of 21 studies were included in the present systematic review. Conclusion: With the available evidence in the literature, it can be concluded that addition of nanoparticles at various concentrations may improve the physical and mechanical properties and color stability of the prosthesis made from the silicone elastomers.

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“…In many cases following fabrication of the prosthetic, extrinsic color is painted to add fine detail and improve realism. [ 188 ] Matching the patient's skin color is extremely challenge and several techniques have been developed to measure and determine the correct pigmenting for each patient, such as spectrophotometry and colorimetry with color formulation algorithms to determine accurate pigmenting. [ 189,190 ]…”

Section: Polymers In Prostheticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Past, Present, and Future of Soft‐Tissue Prosthetics: Advanced Polymers and Advanced Manufacturing

et al. 2020

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past 30 years, [12,13] it is only the last decade that has seen its rapid development as part of the fourth industrial revolution. [14] This change in practice is evidenced by the significant fraction of recent literature describing advances in 3D printed prostheses, including technological advances [4,15-18] and clinical reports. [19,20] Further innovations involving collaborations between clinicians, academics, and industry, promise even greater capabilities. The future will see 3D printers that can mix materials as desired during fabrication [21] and those that can 3D print organic semiconductors and piezoelectric polymers for sensing and bionics [22-24] (Figure 1). This report is focused on polymers for soft tissue, external, personalized, prosthetics with clinical applications for the ear, [25] nose, [26] eye, [27] face, [28] breast, [29] and hand. [30] The characteristics of both traditional and 3D printable polymeric materials, as well as current advanced manufacturing technologies and those in development, are also reviewed. The earliest evidence of prosthetics dates back to ≈2300 BC, where Egyptian mummies have been discovered with eye, nose, and genital reconstructions fashioned from plaster packed with mud, sand, linen, butter, or soda (Figure 1). [31] Wood, cloth, natural waxes, resins, and metals were later used as the material of choice for rudimentary prostheses. [32] Prostheses remained relatively unchanged for thousands of years until the 16th century, where prosthetic noses and eyes were made from parchment, wax, wood, hard rubber, gold, silver, and copper. [33] Metals continued as a fundamental material throughout the 19th century, largely due to their ability to be shaped and molded as needed. [34,35] One of the first polymers to be used in prosthetics, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), was developed in response to the glass shortages in the World Wars of the 20th Century. [36] This polymer went on to become the most common prosthetic material of the time, and still finds use today in artificial eyes [33] and prosthetic substructures. [37] Further innovations in the 20th century produced many new polymers, such as vinyls, copolymers, plastisols, and one of the most significant materials in prosthetics, silicone. [38] Discovered in the early 1900s by Fredrick Kipping, silicone was first used in prosthetics by George W Barnhart in 1960. [39] This versatile polymer remains a primary prosthetic material today due to its soft tissue-like properties, ease of manipulation, chemical inertness, durability, and excellent biocompatibility. [40,41] The search for alternative materials Millions of people worldwide experience disfigurement due to cancers, congenital defects, or trauma, leading to significant psychological, social, and economic disadvantage. Prosthetics aim to reduce their suffering by restoring aesthetics and function using synthetic materials that mimic the characteristics of native tissue. In the 1900s, natural materials used for thousands of years in prosthetics were replaced by syntheti...

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Color stability of maxillofacial prosthetic silicone functionalized with oxide nanocoating

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

Factors affecting color stability of maxillofacial prosthetic silicone elastomer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Factors affecting color stability of maxillofacial prosthetic silicone elastomer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Effect of nanoparticles on color stability and mechanical and biological properties of maxillofacial silicone elastomer: A systematic review

Past, Present, and Future of Soft‐Tissue Prosthetics: Advanced Polymers and Advanced Manufacturing

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