Colorectal Cancer in Young Adults

Inra, Jennifer; Syngal, Sapna

doi:10.1007/s10620-014-3464-0

Cited by 85 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The delay in diagnosis may account for the young group showing significantly more stage IV CRC cases than the old group. Past studies have reported a similar tendency that more young CRC patients had advanced stage TNM [10,[12][13][14][15]20] . This result might reflect that young patients have fewer medical examinations than old patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…On the other hand, 22.9% of the young patients in our study underwent colonoscopy owing to a positive FOB test at a medical checkup and were diagnosed as having CRC despite being asymptomatic. A joint guideline in the United States recommends that CRC screening starts at the age of 50 in average-risk individuals [20] , whereas in Japan, the FOB test starting at the age of 40 has been widely used for CRC screening since 1992 [21] . Although preliminary, our result that one-fourth of young CRC patients under the age of 50 was diagnosed through positive FOB test suggests that CRC screening starting at the age of 40 is appropriate and useful for early detection, particularly because the incidence of CRC in younger patients has been increasing over the past few decades [5][6][7] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinicopathological Features of Colorectal Cancer Patients Under the Age of 50: Recent Experience and Case-Control Study of Prognosis in a Japanese Cohort

et al. 2016

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Background/Aims: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in young people is increasing, indicating an urgent need for understanding young-onset CRC. This study serves to clarify the characteristics and prognosis of young CRC patients. Methods: Using a detailed database, various clinicopathological findings including symptoms, family history and prognosis of 70 young CRC patients under 50 years who underwent surgical resection between 2005 and 2011 were compared to 786 old CRC patients over 50 years. For the comparison of prognosis, a matched 1:4 case-control study adjusting for gender, tumor location, tumor differentiation type, and Union For International Cancer Control stage was conducted. Results: The young group had a higher proportion of rectal cancer (51.4 vs. 36.4%, p = 0.004) and a higher positive rate for the Amsterdam criteria II (7.1 vs. 1.9%, p = 0.02) than the old group. There was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) or cancer-specific survival (CSS) between the young and old groups (5-year OS: 84.7 vs. 76.9%, p = 0.18; 5-year CSS: 84.7 vs. 82.8%, p = 0.55). Conclusion: This study may add a new perspective to understanding young-onset CRC. The prognosis of young CRC patients was equivalent to that of old CRC patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological Features of Colorectal Cancer Patients Under the Age of 50: Recent Experience and Case-Control Study of Prognosis in a Japanese Cohort

et al. 2016

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“…Although this study did not evaluate any other potential survival-related factors other than age, it is reasonable to assume that the major causes of mortality in the ≦40 age group would be cancer and accidents, whereas the older age groups would have a higher percentage of mortality caused by co-morbidities. Young age at the onset of CRC has been shown to be associated with inherited CRC syndromes such as MUTYH-associated polyposis, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC or Lynch syndrome) and inflammatory bowel disease, suggesting that age of CRC onset is an important indicator of familial history and/or genetic predisposition (9,38). Approximately 2-5% of all CRCs are associated with Lynch syndrome, which is characterized by excessive synchronous and metachronous CRCs, and presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, signet ring cells, or a strong mucinous component (39,40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incidence of CRC among older adults has remained stable, while the incidence among adults aged 20-40 years old has steadily increased (4). Treatment strategies for young as well as old CRC patients consist of CRC staging followed by segmental colectomy, adjuvant chemotherapy, and routine surveillance colonoscopies every year (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of young age on the prognosis for colorectal cancer: a population-based study in Taiwan

Chou

Tseng

Shiue

2017

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology

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Background: The impact of age as a prognostic factor for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial, possibly due to heterogeneity between studies in terms of patient numbers, percentage of patients undergoing curative resection, percentage of patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy, or failure to adjust for potential confounding factors. This study used colorectal cancer survival data from the Taiwan Cancer Registry database in order to comprehensively analyze age as a prognostic factor. Methods: Survival data were analyzed for 62 060 CRC patients diagnosed with adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, or signet-ring cell carcinoma of the colon and rectum between 1998 and 2005. The rates of all-cause mortality and CRC-related mortality were determined using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and the log-rank test was used to compare differences in survival between different age groups. The crude and adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause and CRC-related mortalities were calculated according to the estimates from the univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. Results: Patients in the ≤40 and the 41-50 age groups had a higher proportion of mucinous adenocarcinoma (P < 0.001) and signet-ring cell carcinoma (P < 0.001) compared to the older age groups. After adjusting for gender, histology, and tumor site, patients in the ≤40 age group had a poorer overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival compared to patients in the 41-50 and 51-60, and 61-70 age groups (P < 0.001), but a better OS and cancer-specific survival compared to patients in the 71-80 and >80 age groups (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Our study indicated that age is an important consideration while determining the clinical management of CRC patients.

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“…Recent studies have found that the mortality rates from colon and rectal cancer have been decreasing in adults over 50 years of age. However, these rates have been increasing in adults under 50 34 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and mortality from colon and rectal cancer in Midwestern Brazil

Oliveira

Curado

Koechlin

et al. 2016

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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Objective: To describe the incidence and mortality rates from colon and rectal cancer in Midwestern Brazil. Methods: Data for the incidence rates were obtained from the Population-Based Cancer Registry (PBCR) according to the available period. Mortality data were obtained from the Mortality Information System (SIM) for the period between 1996 and 2008. Incidence and mortality rates were calculated by gender and age groups. Mortality trends were analyzed by the Joinpoint software. The age-period-cohort effects were calculated by the R software. Results: The incidence rates for colon cancer vary from 4.49 to 23.19/100,000, while mortality rates vary from 2.85 to 14.54/100,000. For rectal cancer, the incidence rates range from 1.25 to 11.18/100,000 and mortality rates range between 0.30 and 7.90/100,000. Colon cancer mortality trends showed an increase among males in Cuiabá, Campo Grande, and Goiania. For those aged under 50 years, the increased rate was 13.2% in Campo Grande. For those aged over 50 years, there was a significant increase in the mortality in all capitals. In Goiânia, rectal cancer mortality in males increased 7.3%. For females below 50 years of age in the city of Brasilia, there was an increase of 8.7%, while females over 50 years of age in Cuiaba showed an increase of 10%. Conclusion: There is limited data available on the incidence of colon and rectal cancer for the Midwest region of Brazil. Colon cancer mortality has generally increased for both genders, but similar data were not verified for rectal cancer. The findings presented herein demonstrate the necessity for organized screening programs for colon and rectal cancer in Midwestern Brazil.

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Colorectal Cancer in Young Adults

Cited by 85 publications

References 55 publications

Clinicopathological Features of Colorectal Cancer Patients Under the Age of 50: Recent Experience and Case-Control Study of Prognosis in a Japanese Cohort

Clinicopathological Features of Colorectal Cancer Patients Under the Age of 50: Recent Experience and Case-Control Study of Prognosis in a Japanese Cohort

The impact of young age on the prognosis for colorectal cancer: a population-based study in Taiwan

Incidence and mortality from colon and rectal cancer in Midwestern Brazil

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