Colorectal Cancer Incidence among Atomic Bomb Survivors, 1950-80.

Nakatsuka, Hirofumi; Shimizu, Yukiko; Yamamoto, Tetsuya; Sekine, Ichiro; Ezaki, Haruo; Tahara, Eiichi; Takahashi, Makoto; Shimoyama, Takatoshi; Mochinaga, Nobuo; Tomita, Masaru; Tsuchiya, Ryôichi; Land, Charles E.

doi:10.1269/jrr.33.342

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Strong evidence has been found for a relationship between ionizing radiation exposure and colon cancer risk, although evidence for rectal cancer has been inconsistent . Among atomic bomb survivors, the colon cancer rates increased with radiation dose in studies of incidence and mortality, while there was no evidence of radiation effects on rectal cancer rates . Nakatsuka et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nakatsuka et al . reported that all colon subsites (cecum and ascending, transverse and descending and sigmoid colon) were equally sensitive to radiation among atomic bomb survivors followed through 1980, whereas rectum was not …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 Among atomic bomb survivors, the colon cancer rates increased with radiation dose in studies of incidence and mortality, while there was no evidence of radiation effects on rectal cancer rates. [3][4][5][6] Nakatsuka et al reported that all colon subsites (cecum and ascending, transverse and descending and sigmoid colon) were equally sensitive to radiation among atomic bomb survivors followed through 1980, whereas rectum was not. 3 Lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol drinking, meat consumption and body mass index (BMI) have also been linked with increased risk of colorectal cancer in Western and several Japanese cohort studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5][6] Nakatsuka et al reported that all colon subsites (cecum and ascending, transverse and descending and sigmoid colon) were equally sensitive to radiation among atomic bomb survivors followed through 1980, whereas rectum was not. 3 Lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol drinking, meat consumption and body mass index (BMI) have also been linked with increased risk of colorectal cancer in Western and several Japanese cohort studies. [7][8][9][10][11] Recently, evidence has emerged that time trends of incidence, 12 associations with lifestyle and environmental risk factors, occurrence of heredity disease, carcinogenic pathways 13,14 and prognosis 15 of colon cancer differ by anatomical subsite (i.e., proximal vs. distal location).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Radiation risk of incident colorectal cancer by anatomical site among atomic bomb survivors: 1958–2009

Sugiyama

Misumi

Brenner

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Radiation effects on colorectal cancer rates, adjusted for smoking, alcohol intake and frequency of meat consumption and body mass index (BMI) by anatomical subsite (proximal colon, distal colon and rectum) were examined in a cohort of 105,444 atomic bomb survivors. Poisson regression methods were used to describe radiation‐associated excess relative risks (ERR) and excess absolute rates (EAR) for the 1958–2009 period. There were 2,960 first primary colorectal cancers including 894 proximal, 871 distal and 1,046 rectal cancers. Smoking, alcohol intake and BMI were associated with subsite‐specific cancer background rates. Significant linear dose–responses were found for total colon (sex‐averaged ERR/Gy for 70 years old exposed at age 30 = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.34; 0.98), proximal [ERR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.32; 1.44] and distal colon cancers [ERR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.04; 0.97], but not for rectal cancer [ERR = 0.023, 95% CI: −0.081; 0.13]. The ERRs for proximal and distal colon cancers were not significantly different (p = 0.41). The ERR decreased with attained age for total colon, but not for proximal colon cancer, and with calendar year for distal colon cancer. The ERRs and EARs did not vary by age at exposure, except for decreasing trend in EAR for proximal colon cancer. In conclusion, ionizing radiation is associated with increased risk of proximal and distal colon cancers. The ERR for proximal cancer persists over time, but that for distal colon cancer decreases. There continues to be no indication of radiation effects on rectal cancer incidence in this population.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Radiation risk of incident colorectal cancer by anatomical site among atomic bomb survivors: 1958–2009

Sugiyama

Misumi

Brenner

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both radiation exposure and metabolic/hormonal dysregulation have been linked to altered intestinal homeostasis and colorectal carcinogenesis252728293031323334. Epidemiological observations linking radiation and colorectal cancer (CRC) are also well supported by studies in animal models43536.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Space radiation exposure persistently increased leptin and IGF1 in serum and activated leptin-IGF1 signaling axis in mouse intestine

Suman

Kumar

Fornace

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Travel into outer space is fraught with risk of exposure to energetic heavy ion radiation such as 56Fe ions, which due to its high linear energy transfer (high-LET) characteristics deposits higher energy per unit volume of tissue traversed and thus more damaging to cells relative to low-LET radiation such as γ rays. However, estimates of human health risk from energetic heavy ion exposure are hampered due to lack of tissue specific in vivo molecular data. We investigated long-term effects of 56Fe radiation on adipokines and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling axis in mouse intestine and colon. Six- to eight-week-old C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 1.6 Gy of 56Fe ions. Serum and tissues were collected up to twelve months post-irradiation. Serum was analyzed for leptin, adiponectin, IGF1, and IGF binding protein 3. Receptor expressions and downstream signaling pathway alterations were studied in tissues. Irradiation increased leptin and IGF1 levels in serum, and IGF1R and leptin receptor expression in tissues. When considered along with upregulated Jak2/Stat3 pathways and cell proliferation, our data supports the notion that space radiation exposure is a risk to endocrine alterations with implications for chronic pathophysiologic changes in gastrointestinal tract.

show abstract

Association of Radiation and Procarbazine Dose With Risk of Colorectal Cancer Among Survivors of Hodgkin Lymphoma

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ImportanceHodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors have higher rates of colorectal cancer, which may be associated with subdiaphragmatic radiation therapy and/or alkylating chemotherapy. Although radiation dose-response associations with breast, lung, stomach, pancreatic, and esophageal cancer after HL have been demonstrated, the association of radiation therapy with colorectal cancer remains unclear.ObjectiveTo quantify the rate of colorectal cancer according to radiation dose to the large bowel and procarbazine dose among HL survivors.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA nested case-control study examined 5-year HL survivors at 5 hospital centers in the Netherlands. Participants had been diagnosed with HL in 1964 to 2000, when they were 15 to 50 years of age, and were followed for a median of approximately 26 years. Survivors of HL who developed colorectal cancer and survivors who were selected as controls were individually matched on sex, age at HL diagnosis, and date of HL diagnosis. Data were analyzed from July 2021 to October 2022.ExposuresMean radiation doses to the large bowel were estimated by reconstructing individual radiation therapy treatments on representative computed tomography data sets.Main Outcomes and MeasuresExcess rate ratios (ERRs) were modeled to evaluate the excess risk associated with each 1-gray increase in radiation dose, and potential effect modification by procarbazine was explored.ResultsThe study population included 316 participants (mean [SD] age at HL diagnosis, 33.0 [9.8] years; 221 [69.9%] men), 78 of whom were HL survivors who developed colorectal cancer (cases) and 238 who did not (controls). The median (IQR) interval between HL and colorectal cancer was 25.7 (18.2-31.6) years. Increased colorectal cancer rates were seen for patients who received subdiaphragmatic radiation therapy (rate ratio [RR], 2.4; 95% CI, 1.4-4.1) and those who received more than 8.4 g/m2 procarbazine (RR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.3-5.0). Overall, colorectal cancer rate increased linearly with mean radiation dose to the whole large bowel and dose to the affected bowel segment. The association between radiation dose and colorectal cancer rate became stronger with increasing procarbazine dose: the ERR per gray to the whole bowel was 3.5% (95% CI, 0.4%-12.6%) for patients who did not receive procarbazine, and increased 1.2-fold (95% CI, 1.1-1.3) for each 1-g/m2 increase in procarbazine dose.Conclusions and RelevanceThis nested case-control study of 5-year HL survivors found a dose-response association between radiation therapy and colorectal cancer risk, and modification of this association by procarbazine. These findings may enable individualized colorectal cancer risk estimations, identification of high-risk survivors for subsequent screening, and optimization of treatment strategies.

show abstract

Colorectal Cancer Incidence among Atomic Bomb Survivors, 1950-80.

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Radiation risk of incident colorectal cancer by anatomical site among atomic bomb survivors: 1958–2009

Radiation risk of incident colorectal cancer by anatomical site among atomic bomb survivors: 1958–2009

Space radiation exposure persistently increased leptin and IGF1 in serum and activated leptin-IGF1 signaling axis in mouse intestine

Association of Radiation and Procarbazine Dose With Risk of Colorectal Cancer Among Survivors of Hodgkin Lymphoma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About