Colossal magnetocaloric effect in Ni–Co–Mn–In alloys induced by electron irradiation

Defect Engineering: Electron-Exchange Integral Manipulation to Generate a Large Magnetocaloric Effect in Ni41Mn43Co6Sn10 Alloys

“…The measuring process obeys the "Loop" method, and the details were presented in our previous work. 33 As shown in Figure 2, due to the weak-magnetic feature of the low-temperature phase, the M−H maintains a monotonous upward trend at low temperatures, and no signs of saturation can be observed even as the magnetic field is increased up to 7 T. Then, when the measuring temperature is high enough to support the transformation from martensite to austenite, the magnetization is sharply increased and quickly meets saturation only with application of a small magnetic field. However, further increasing the temperature above A f will hinder the atomic magnetic moment orientation, thus leading to the saturation magnetization decreasing in turn.…”

“…We further measured the magnetic-field-dependent magnetization ( M – H curves) for the Ni 41 Mn 43 Co 6 Sn 10 alloys. The measuring process obeys the “Loop” method, and the details were presented in our previous work . As shown in Figure , due to the weak-magnetic feature of the low-temperature phase, the M – H maintains a monotonous upward trend at low temperatures, and no signs of saturation can be observed even as the magnetic field is increased up to 7 T. Then, when the measuring temperature is high enough to support the transformation from martensite to austenite, the magnetization is sharply increased and quickly meets saturation only with application of a small magnetic field.…”

“…Temperature-dependent ΔS M at different magnetic fields of Ni 41 Mn 43 Co 6 Sn 10 before and after irradiation: (a) nonirradiated sample and (b,c) samples irradiated with 1, 2, and 3 × 10 17 e/cm 2 , respectively. (e) Temperature-dependent ΔT ad under a field change of 1.5 T. (f)Comparison of the ΔS M between our irradiated sample and other reported outstanding magnetocaloric materials 33.…”

Advanced Magnetocaloric Materials for Energy Conversion: Recent Progress, Opportunities, and Perspective

“…XMCD involves measuring the difference in the absorption of left and right circularly polarized X-rays by a magnetically ordered material. Utilization of the XAS and XMCD techniques can reveal the evolution of the electronic structure and magnetic properties across the phase transition, and is thereby especially suitable for the phonon-electron-magnon coupled MCMs such as Gd 5 (Si 2 Ge 2 ), [339] (Mn,Fe) 2 (P,X)-based compounds (X = As, Ge, Si), [340][341][342][343] La(Fe,Si) 13 -based materials, [175,344] NiMn-X based magnetic Heusler compounds (X = Ga, In, Sn, Sb), [345][346][347][348] FeRh, [349,350] Mn 3 XC (X = Ga, Sn) based antiperovskites, [351] Mn-M-X (M = Co, Ni and X = Si, Ge), [352,353] Laves phase compounds, [354,355] GdNi alloys. [356] Recent advances in the application of synchrotron XAS and XMCD techniques on MCMs are summarized below:…”