Combinatorial polymer research and high-throughput experimentation: powerful tools for the discovery and evaluation of new materials

Meier, Michael A. R.; Schubert, Ulrich S.

doi:10.1039/b406497f

Cited by 50 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Of particular interest would be the comparison of bulk and surface chemical data. This technique has previously been used to characterise combinatorial polymer libraries [6] and should readily be adaptable to the polymer microarray format.…”

Section: Polymer Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These combinatorial molecular synthesis approaches have been extended to the development of materials by using combinatorial approaches specific to the production of solids [6]. An early example was the synthesis of a library of minerals as thin films on a single 'chip' using a sequential masking and unmasking procedure with ion sputtering to produce a range of material compositions [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High throughput methods applied in biomaterial development and discovery

et al. 2010

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The high throughput discovery of new materials can be achieved by rapidly screening many different materials synthesised by a combinatorial approach to identify the optimal material that fulfils a particular biomedical application. Here we review the literature in this area and conclude that for polymers, this process is best achieved in a microarray format, which enable thousands of cell-material interactions to be monitored on a single chip. Polymer microarrays can be formed by printing pre-synthesised polymers or by printing monomers onto the chip where on-slide polymerisation is initiated.The surface properties of the material can be analysed and correlated to the biological performance using high throughput surface analysis, including time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and water contact angle (WCA) measurements. This approach enables the surface properties responsible for the success of a material to be understood, which in turn provides the foundations of future material design. The high throughput discovery of materials using polymer microarrays has been explored for many cell-based applications including the isolation of specific 2 cells from heterogeneous populations, the attachment and differentiation of stem cells and the controlled transfection of cells.Further development of polymerisation techniques and high throughput biological assays amenable to the polymer microarray format will broaden the combinatorial space and biological phenomenon that polymer microarrays can explore, and increase their efficacy. This will, in turn, result in the discovery of optimised polymeric materials for many biomaterial applications.

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Section: Polymer Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High throughput methods applied in biomaterial development and discovery

et al. 2010

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“…However, we recently developed a multiple-layer spotting technique for MALDI-TOFMS of synthetic polymers 19 that is ideally suited for applications in combinatorial materials research. 20,21 This method is able to significantly reduce the time required for sample preparation, 22 to improve the analytical results 19,23 as well as to be automated 22,23 and miniaturized. 23 Within this contribution we would like to provide an overview of this experimental measurement technique as well as to discuss benefits and limitations of it with regards to high-throughput screening in CMR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of MALDI-TOFMS as high-throughput screening tool into the workflow of combinatorial polymer research

Meier

Schubert

2005

Review of Scientific Instruments

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The possibilities of an integration of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry ͑MALDI-TOFMS͒ as an high-throughput screening tool into the workflow of combinatorial materials research are discussed. A multiple layer sample preparation technique for MALDI is described in detail and its possibilities of automation and miniaturization are discussed. Automated MALDI sample preparation could be performed within an automated synthesizer robot as well as with an ink-jet printer. The first approach offers the possibility of online reaction monitoring, whereas the second approach gives the opportunity of applications in ultra-high-throughput environments. Moreover, an example of high-throughput screening of a polymerization reaction by MALDI-TOFMS is discussed.

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“…This is shown in Equation (2) (2) where M i is the molecular weight of the polymer repeat unit i (in g/mol), f i is the number of flexible bonds in this repeat unit i, x i is the mass fraction of the repeat unit, and w is the total number of comonomers in polymer. The conversion of the polymer composition from mole to mass fraction is given by Equation (3) (3) where x i is the mass fraction of the repeat unit i, mi is the mole fraction of the repeat unit i, M i is the molecular weight of the repeat unit i (in g/mol), and w is the total number of comonomers in polymer.…”

Section: Calculation Of the Mass-per-flexible-bond Of Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the advent of parallel synthesis robots, combinatorial methodology and high-throughput screening techniques, it is possible to explore rapidly a large reaction and composition space in a combinatorial fashion [1,2]. It is now possible to synthesize a large number of new polymer structures in a minimal amount of time, which will require analysis and characterization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glass transition temperature prediction of polymers through the mass-per-flexible-bond principle

Schut

Bolikal

Khan

et al. 2007

Polymer

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A semi-empirical method based on the mass-per-flexible-bond (M/f) principle was used to quantitatively explain the large range of glass transition temperatures (T g ) observed in a library of 132 L-tyrosine derived homo, co-and terpolymers containing different functional groups. Polymer class specific behavior was observed in T g vs. M/f plots, and explained in terms of different densities, steric hindrances and intermolecular interactions of chemically distinct polymers. The method was found to be useful in the prediction of polymer T g . The predictive accuracy was found to range from 6.4 to 3.7 K, depending on polymer class. This level of accuracy compares favorably with (more complicated) methods used in the literature. The proposed method can also be used for structure prediction of polymers to match a target T g value, by keeping the thermal behavior of a terpolymer constant while independently choosing its chemistry. Both applications of the method are likely to have broad applications in polymer and (bio)material science.

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Combinatorial polymer research and high-throughput experimentation: powerful tools for the discovery and evaluation of new materials

Cited by 50 publications

References 89 publications

High throughput methods applied in biomaterial development and discovery

High throughput methods applied in biomaterial development and discovery

Integration of MALDI-TOFMS as high-throughput screening tool into the workflow of combinatorial polymer research

Glass transition temperature prediction of polymers through the mass-per-flexible-bond principle

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