Combined Application of Potassium and Zinc Improves Water Relations, Stay Green, Irrigation Water Use Efficiency, and Grain Quality of Maize under Drought Stress

Hussain, Sajid; Maqsood, Muhammad; Ijaz, Muhammad; Ul‐Allah, Sami; Sattar, Abdul; Sher, Ahmad; Nawaz, Ahmad

doi:10.1080/01904167.2020.1765181

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Therefore, we expected PA supplementation to induce a good CH transport, enhancing the kernel set and the final yield. As a result, WD reduced the CH content compared to the WW conditions in untreated plants, as previously observed by Hussain et al (2020) and Abbas et al (2021) . However, opposite results were also published.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Addressing the contribution of small molecule-based biostimulants to the biofortification of maize in a water restriction scenario

et al. 2022

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Biostimulants have become an asset for agriculture since they are a greener alternative to traditionally used plant protection products. Also, they have gained the farmers’ acceptance due to their effect on enhancing the plant’s natural defense system against abiotic stresses. Besides commercially available complex products, small molecule-based biostimulants are useful for industry and research. Among them, polyamines (PAs) are well-studied natural compounds that can elicit numerous positive responses in drought-stressed plants. However, the studies are merely focused on the vegetative development of the plant. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate how drenching with putrescine (Put) and spermidine (Spd) modified the maize production and the yield quality parameters. First, a dosage optimization was performed, and then the best PA concentrations were applied by drenching the maize plants grown under well-watered (WW) conditions or water deficit (WD). Different mechanisms of action were observed for Put and Spd regarding maize production, including when both PAs similarly improved the water balance of the plants. The application of Put enhanced the quality and quantity of the yield under WW and Spd under WD. Regarding the nutritional quality of the grains, both PAs increased the carbohydrates content, whereas the contribution to the protein content changed by the interaction between compound and growth conditions. The mineral content of the grains was also greatly affected by the water condition and the PA application, with the most relevant results observed when Spd was applied, ending with flour richer in Zn, Cu, and Ca minerals that are considered important for human health. We showed that the exogenous PA application could be a highly efficient biofortification approach. Our findings open a new exciting use to be studied deep in the biostimulant research.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Addressing the contribution of small molecule-based biostimulants to the biofortification of maize in a water restriction scenario

et al. 2022

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“…The combined application of K and Zn (K60Zn12) has a significant effect on the gas exchange (A, E, gs, and Ci) parameter of both inbred and hybrid cultivars of maize crop than under control conditions. As both the nutrients are involved in the improvement of water relations with chlorophyll contents, they encourage the improvement of many biochemical and physiological processes [ 24 ]. Zinc application manipulates more influence on chlorophyll formation and carbonic anhydrase activity, which is involved in assisting the diffusion of CO 2 towards chloroplast from the liquid phase of a cell [ 25 ], which ultimately endorses the photosynthetic rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of K and Zn Influences the Mineral Accumulation More in Hybrid Than Inbred Maize Cultivars

Raza

Bashir

Raza

et al. 2021

Plants

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Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important crop used for feeding humans and cattle globally. Deficiency of potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) adversely impacts the maize crop productivity and quality. However, the application of these nutrients shows variant responses in different maize cultivars. To understand this perspective, the current study aimed at investigating K and Zn’s optimal concentration in different hybrid and inbred maize cultivars. The treatments were based on three zinc levels (0, 6, and 12 mg Zn kg−1) and K levels (0, 30, and 60 mg kg−1), and their respective combinations. The experiment results showed that combined fertilization approaches of Zn and K (Zn12K60) improved the plant biometric, and physiological attributes of maize crop. The results revealed a significant increase in plant height (45%), fresh weight (70%), and dry weight (45%). Similarly, physiological attributes significantly improved the relative water content (76.4%), membrane stability index (77.9%), chlorophyll contents (170%), and photosynthetic rate (130%) in both inbred and hybrid genotypes. Furthermore, Zn and K (Zn12K60) increased transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Ci), and internal CO2. In conclusion, maize hybrids (Neelam and DK-6142) were observed best compared with inbred (Afghoi and P-1543) cultivars with the combined application of Zn and K (Zn12K60). Thus, these inbred varieties should be preferred for fodder requirement with optimum fertilizer (Zn12K60) application in Zn deficient soils.

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“…Meta-analysis models are particularly useful for identifying patterns when data from multiple sources are combined and analyzed [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Thus, for the comparison of water stress and N fertilization effects on grain quality components, random effects meta-analysis models were fit following the log response ratio (lnRR) approach [42].…”

Section: Meta-analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Water and Nitrogen Management Practices Impact Grain Quality in Maize?

et al. 2021

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Concomitantly pursuing superior maize (Zeamays L.) productivity with grain quality is essential for food security. Therefore, this study provides a meta-analysis of 21 studies assembled from the scientific literature to tackle the effect of the two most limiting factors for maize production, water and nitrogen (N), and their impacts on grain quality composition, herein focused on protein, oil, and starch concentrations. Water stress levels resulted in erratic responses both in direction and magnitude on all the grain quality components, plausibly linked to a different duration, timing, and intensity of water stress treatments. Nitrogen fertilization more consistently affected the grain protein concentration, with a larger effect size for protein as fertilizer N levels increased (protein change of +14% for low, ≤70 kg N ha−1; +21% for medium, >70–150 kg N ha−1; and +24% for high, >150 kg N ha−1). Both starch and oil grain concentrations presented less variation to fertilizer N levels. The positive protein–oil correlation (r = 0.49) permitted to infer that although the oil concentration may reach a plateau (8%), further increases in protein are still possible. Augmented research on grain quality is warranted to sustain food production but with both high nutritional and energetic value for the global demand.

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Combined Application of Potassium and Zinc Improves Water Relations, Stay Green, Irrigation Water Use Efficiency, and Grain Quality of Maize under Drought Stress

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Addressing the contribution of small molecule-based biostimulants to the biofortification of maize in a water restriction scenario

Addressing the contribution of small molecule-based biostimulants to the biofortification of maize in a water restriction scenario

Application of K and Zn Influences the Mineral Accumulation More in Hybrid Than Inbred Maize Cultivars

Do Water and Nitrogen Management Practices Impact Grain Quality in Maize?

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