Combined capillary gas chromatography/atmospheric pressure negative chemical ionization/mass spectrometry for the determination of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in tissue

Mitchum, R. K.; Moler, G. F.; Korfmacher, Walter A.

doi:10.1021/ac50064a011

Cited by 96 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, several studies of Ni-APCI have shown this method to have excellent sensitivity, especially for compounds with positive electron affinity (EA) [5,12,13]. Early work with APCI was primarily carried out using gas chromatographic introduction and, thus, the ion source was solvent free [13][14][15][16][17]. In particular, GC/APMS operated in the negative ion mode was demonstrated to be a highly sensitive method for detecting a number of environmentally important compounds [14,18].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionization mechanisms related to negative Ion APPI, APCI, and DART

McEwen

Larsen

2009

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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A recent report found that negative ion atmospheric pressure photoionization (Ni-APPI) and direct analysis in real time (Ni-DART) ionize compounds by electron capture, dissociative electron capture, proton abstraction, and anion adduction. The authors of this report suggested that the common ionization of Ni-APPI and Ni-DART demonstrated that these techniques ionize a wider array of compounds than negative ion atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (Ni-APCI). Here we show that Ni-APCI, using the atmospheric sample analysis probe (ASAP) technique, in the absence of solvent vapors, ionizes the same and similar compounds by the same reported mechanisms. These results are supported by previous publications, which show that each mechanism is active for Ni-APCI. This work demonstrates that irrespective of the initial method of ionization, at atmospheric pressure, similar ion/ electron-molecule chemistries prevail. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2009, 20, 1518 -1521

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionization mechanisms related to negative Ion APPI, APCI, and DART

McEwen

Larsen

2009

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…The abundance of these negative ions is a function of both the ion source temperature and the concentration of O 2 in the nitrogen buffer gas [20,38], as shown in eq. The applied cone voltage affects the ionization/fragmentation.…”

Section: A N U S C R I P Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas chromatography coupled to atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry (GC-API-MS): Review

Gan

Bronja

et al. 2015

Analytica Chimica Acta

138

101

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“…However, in the case of APCI, chemical equilibrium conditions can be attained, contrary to other ionization modes performed only under lowered pressures and non-equilibrium conditions. The main ion-molecule reactions in APCI, as for NCI with oxygen as reagent gas, are described as follows: The molecular ion for 2,3,7,8-TCDD cannot be obtained under APCI conditions with oxygen as reagent gas (Mitchum, Moler, & Korfmacher, 1980;Clement & Tosine, 1988). The detection limits for 2,3,7,8-TCDD/F in the SIM mode were 0.5 pg for the 2,3,7,8-TCDF standard (Clement & Tosine, 1988) and 14-40 pg in deionized water .…”

Section: B Sensitive Detection: Negative Chemical Ionization With DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in the negative chemical ionization mode with different reagent gases

Chernetsova

Revelsky

et al. 2002

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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Reagent gases that are used in mass spectrometry in the NCI mode for the determination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and biphenyls (PCBs) are discussed. Ion-molecule reactions and respective characteristic ions that form while using reagent gases (CH(4), O(2), i-C(4)H(10), NH(3), H(2), He, Ar, Xe, SF(6)) or gas mixtures (CH(4)/O(2), Ar/CH(4), CH(4)/H(2)O, Ar/O(2), i-C(4)H(10)/CH(2)Cl(2)/O(2)) are reviewed. It is shown that only CH(4), O(2), CH(4)/O(2), and CH(4)/N(2)O are widely used and well studied, even though-in the case of these reagent gases-there are contradictions between the publications of various authors. Such reagent gases as NH(3) and He are not well studied, but further investigations of their use for the determination of organochlorine pollutants could be of interest. The possibilities of more sensitive and selective determination of PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs are discussed.

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Combined capillary gas chromatography/atmospheric pressure negative chemical ionization/mass spectrometry for the determination of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in tissue

Cited by 96 publications

References 18 publications

Ionization mechanisms related to negative Ion APPI, APCI, and DART

Ionization mechanisms related to negative Ion APPI, APCI, and DART

Gas chromatography coupled to atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry (GC-API-MS): Review

Determination of polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in the negative chemical ionization mode with different reagent gases

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