Combined Effect of CVR and DG Penetration in the Voltage Profile of Low-Voltage Secondary Distribution Networks

Bokhari, Abdullah; Raza, Ashhar; Diaz‐Aguiló, Marc; León, Francisco de; Czarkowski, Dariusz; Uosef, Resk Ebrahem; Wang, David

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2015.2422308

Cited by 71 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In order to maintain feeder voltage profile during such deeper level of voltage reduction, the VAR compensation through various sources such as distributed generation (DG) and photovoltaic inverter has been studied in previous studies. [9][10][11] The numerical results of these studies reveal that higher energy saving can be achieved while enabling the CVR and DG operation simultaneously. Though, implementation of CVR with or without DG through open-loop VVC schemes is an easier way but poses certain inherent limitations of its adoption when changes occur in network configuration, power generation, and demands.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…However, full utilization of CVR has not been explored. Moreover, above-mentioned reported studies [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] have not examined the voltage reduction effect on peak load demand in the presence of CES.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The idea of CVR operation through traditional open‐loop VVC methods using line drop compensation (LDC), load tap changer, and home voltage reduction techniques have been well described in Diaz‐Aguiló et al and portray the demerits of these methods. Further, the study reported in Bokhari et al also reveals that voltage reduction above 4% causes the violation of lower voltage limit. In order to maintain feeder voltage profile during such deeper level of voltage reduction, the VAR compensation through various sources such as distributed generation (DG) and photovoltaic inverter has been studied in previous studies .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, the study reported in Bokhari et al also reveals that voltage reduction above 4% causes the violation of lower voltage limit. In order to maintain feeder voltage profile during such deeper level of voltage reduction, the VAR compensation through various sources such as distributed generation (DG) and photovoltaic inverter has been studied in previous studies . The numerical results of these studies reveal that higher energy saving can be achieved while enabling the CVR and DG operation simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy efficiency and peak load management via CVR and distributed energy storage in active distribution grid

Singh

Pamshetti

2020

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Summary Energy conservation through voltage reduction and distributed energy storage (DES) technology emerged as a potential candidate for peak load relief in distribution grid. However, lack of coordination between network controls such as conservation voltage reduction (CVR) and assets (DES) may cause detrimental impact on smart grid operations. Therefore, this paper reports on the need for coordination of CVR and DES for maximizing the benefits of both approaches. The impact of integrated operation of CVR devices and DES on energy saving and peak demand reduction have been investigated. The CVR scheme has been implemented using discrete gravitational search algorithm‐driven Volt‐ampere reactive (VAR) optimization (VVO) in the presence of distributed energy sources (DER). Such a smart grid‐enabled centralized CVR scheme has been proposed to be deployed in the grid and integrated with a community energy storage (CES) as DES. The main task of the VVO engine is to minimize the total power demand through optimal settings of Volt‐VAR control (VVC) devices. In order to demonstrate the benefits of integrated operation of CVR and CES, the studies have been carried out in three cases, namely without CVR, VVO‐based CVR, and CVR with CES in presence of both nonrenewable and renewable (wind) type DERs. Moreover, the impact of the proposed method has not only been demonstrated on hourly varying load of the year but during peak load hour also. Besides, the techno‐economic and environmental assessment of combined operation of CES and CVR has been done. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 123‐bus unbalanced distribution network with the modification to include the DER and CES system apart from CVR devices has been chosen to corroborate the performance of the proposed method. The test results reveal that the proposed integration method of CVR and CES achieve higher peak sharing and energy saving with reduced carbon emission. In addition, the method assists the demand balancing. Besides, the by‐product of CES control strategy has been demonstrated for mitigation of rise in neutral currents.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy efficiency and peak load management via CVR and distributed energy storage in active distribution grid

Singh

Pamshetti

2020

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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“…From equations (4) and (7), ′ has higher resistance and reactiance than . Therefore, the effective impedance between generator and load is higher under CVR deployment.…”

Section: B Thoeritical Understanding Of Counterintuituve Vsm Behaviomentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Relevant Distribution System Representation With DG for Voltage Stability Margin Assessment

Bharati

Ajjarapu

2020

IEEE Trans. Power Syst.

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This paper analyses the impact of conservation by voltage reduction (CVR) on voltage stability margin (VSM) considering transmission and distribution (T&D) systems. VSM is determined by P-V curve analysis using PSSE and GridLAB-D solvers to co-simulate the T&D systems under CVR and No CVR conditions. ZIP loads with profile [ZIP] = [0.4 0.3 0.3] are used to model the load. The paper discusses the counterintuitive result:under CVR, the VSM is reduced. Theoretical justification for the reduced VSM under CVR is the increase in the effective impedance between generation and load and this is proved using an extended 2-bus system. The paper shares T&D co-simulation results with IEEE 9-bus transmission system and a larger 123-bus distribution system and with distributed generation (DG) in unity power factor (UPF) and volt-VAR control (VVC) mode.

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Substation demand reduction by CVR enabled intelligent PV inverter control functions in distribution systems

Arora

Satsangi²,

Kaur

et al. 2020

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Summary This article proposes a combined scheme to reduce the substation demand with conservation voltage reduction (CVR) alongside intelligent photovoltaic (PV) inverter control functions. CVR maintains the power delivered to the customers in lower service voltage range (120‐114)V by not influencing electric devices' performance at the consumer premises. Since most of the loads are voltage‐dependent at the consumer side, proper voltage control can obtain substantial demand reduction and energy savings. In the proposed work, CVR is applied to both medium‐sized (IEEE‐123 node test feeder) and large‐sized (IEEE‐8500 node test feeder) unbalanced distribution feeders without PV and with intelligent PV inverter. In addition, the transient nature of PV output power is also examined during the movement of the clouds. The smart PV inverter utilizes various control functions (Volt‐VAr, Volt‐VAr [hysteresis], Volt‐Watt, and combi mode) to control the system's active and reactive power. Results reveal that operating CVR with intelligent PV inverter in the hysteresis Volt‐VAr mode helps achieve higher substation demand reduction than with only CVR operation. This combination reduces system losses and contributes to energy savings when better voltage regulation is provided. It also helps in maintaining the reliability and efficiency of the distribution network.

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Combined Effect of CVR and DG Penetration in the Voltage Profile of Low-Voltage Secondary Distribution Networks

Cited by 71 publications

References 27 publications

Energy efficiency and peak load management via CVR and distributed energy storage in active distribution grid

Energy efficiency and peak load management via CVR and distributed energy storage in active distribution grid

Investigation of Relevant Distribution System Representation With DG for Voltage Stability Margin Assessment

Substation demand reduction by CVR enabled intelligent PV inverter control functions in distribution systems

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