“…In endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery, it is difficult to remove tumors that have extended to the suprasellar area, ventricles, or cavernous sinus, and there is also a possibility of postoperative bleeding from residual tumors. It has been reported that simultaneous surgery is preferable because it may be possible to remove Simultaneous surgery with a transsphenoidal approach includes microscopic surgery, [4,8,16] transcranial surgery with a rigid endoscope, [6,11,13] and use of a tubular retractor [3,16] that have been reported. However, even among giant pituitary adenomas, prolactinomas are treated differently from the other giant pituitary adenomas.…”