Combined process schemes for upgrading of heavy petroleum

Castañeda, Luis C.; Muñoz, José A.D.; Ancheyta, Jorge

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2012.02.022

Cited by 137 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The worldwide reserves of unconventional oils such as extra heavy oil, oil sand bitumen, and kerogen oil are $6 trillion barrels. Currently, Canada and Venezuela have already started exploiting their unconventional oil resources [4][5][6]. Moreover, because $40% of unconventional oil feedstock is remained as vacuum residue (VR) after vacuum distillation whereas VR generated from conventional oils comprises only 10-25% of the feedstock, the production of low value crude residues is also increasing according to the increasing production of unconventional oils [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and rheological properties of deasphalted oil produced from solvent deasphalting

Shin

Lee

Hwang

et al. 2014

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and rheological properties of deasphalted oil produced from solvent deasphalting

Shin

Lee

Hwang

et al. 2014

Chemical Engineering Journal

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“…To avoid significant carbon deposition and present more desirable products from the feed, the process of hydrocracking (HCR) is now becoming an attractive alternative to FCC as the modern refinery conversion process choice [53][54][55][56][57][58]. This also stems from the fact that ''dieselization'' is rapidly developing in many parts of the world, and HCR processing makes it relatively easy to manipulate the socalled product slate to meet rapidly changing market demands.…”

Section: The Catalyst Sensitivity Index: a Comparison Of Fluid Catalymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Catalyst Selectivity Index (CSI): A Framework and Metric to Assess the Impact of Catalyst Efficiency Enhancements upon Energy and CO2 Footprints

et al. 2015

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Heterogeneous catalysts are not only a venerable part of our chemical and industrial heritage, but they also occupy a pivotal, central role in the advancement of modern chemistry, chemical processes and chemical technologies. The broad field of catalysis has also emerged as a critical, enabling science and technology in the modern development of ''Green Chemistry'', with the avowed aim of achieving green and sustainable processes. Thus a widely utilized metric, the environmental E factor-characterizing the waste-to-product ratio for a chemical industrial processpermits one to assess the potential deleterious environmental impact of an entire chemical process in terms of excessive solvent usage. As the many (and entirely reasonable) societal pressures grow, requiring chemists and chemical engineers not only to develop manufacturing processes using new sources of energy, but also to decrease the energy/carbon footprint of existing chemical processes, these issues become ever more pressing. On that road to a green and more sustainable future for chemistry and energy, we note that, as far as we are aware, little effort has been directed towards a direct evaluation of the quantitative impacts that advances or improvements in a catalyst's performance or efficiency would have on the overall energy or carbon (CO 2 ) footprint balance and corresponding greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of chemical processes and manufacturing technologies. Therefore, this present research was motivated by the premise that the sustainability impact of advances in catalysis science and technology, especially heterogeneous catalysis-the core of large-scale manufacturing processes-must move from a qualitative to a more quantitative form of assessment. This, then, is the exciting challenge of developing a new paradigm for catalysis science which embodies-in a truly quantitative form-its impact on sustainability in chemical, industrial processes. Towards that goal, we present here the concept, definition, design and development of what we term the Catalyst Sensitivity Index (CSI) to provide a measurable index as to how efficiency or performance enhancements of a heterogeneous catalyst will directly impact upon the fossil energy consumption and GHG emissions balance across several prototypical fuel production and conversion technologies, e.g. hydrocarbon fuels synthesized using algae-tobiodiesel, algae-to-jet biofuel, coal-to-liquid and gas-to-liquid processes, together with fuel upgrading processes using fluidized catalytic cracking of heavy oil, hydrocracking of heavy oil and also the production of hydrogen from steam methane reforming. Traditionally, the performance of a catalyst is defined by a combination of its activity or efficiency (its turnover frequency), its selectivity and stability (its turnover number), all of which are direct manifestations of the intrinsic physicochemical properties of the heterogeneous catalyst itself under specific working conditions. We will, of course, retain these definitions of the catalytic process, ...

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“…Thermal processing method for conversion these residues mainly include the hydrogenation [1], visbreaking [2], fluid catalytic cracking (RFCC) [3,4], coking (i.e., delayed coking, flexi-coking and fluid coking) [5,6]. In some condition, several conversion methods combinations are also possible [7]. Furthermore, hydrogen is important raw materials in the industrial production (i.e., synthesis ammonia, hydro-cracking and hydrogenation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifunctional catalyst cracking gasification of vacuum residue for coproduction of light olefins and H2-rich syngas

Tang¹,

Tian²,

Qiao³

2017

Proceedings of the 2017 5th International Conference on Machinery, Materials and Computing Technology (ICMMCT 2017)

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Abstract. The residue cracking gasification process is intended to convert vacuum residue into light olefins by cracking and co-production the H 2 -rich syngas by gasifying the cracking-generated coke. In this paper, a bifunctional base catalyst is used and tested vacuum residue cracking gasification in a fluidized bed reactor in comparison with the effects over FCC catalyst and SiO 2 . The result shows that higher light olefins yield is produced with Ca 12 Al 7 as the cracking catalyst in comparison with that over the FCC catalyst and SiO 2 . The coke over the Ca 12 Al 7 catalyst is gasified well at 800 o C in steam. The content of H 2 is about 55.5 vol% and with the content of CH 4 is less than 0.2 vol% when compared to 36.6 and 2.4 vol% over the FCC catalyst, respectively.

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Combined process schemes for upgrading of heavy petroleum

Cited by 137 publications

References 12 publications

Physical and rheological properties of deasphalted oil produced from solvent deasphalting

Physical and rheological properties of deasphalted oil produced from solvent deasphalting

The Catalyst Selectivity Index (CSI): A Framework and Metric to Assess the Impact of Catalyst Efficiency Enhancements upon Energy and CO2 Footprints

Bifunctional catalyst cracking gasification of vacuum residue for coproduction of light olefins and H2-rich syngas

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