Combining Ability Analysis: Morphological Traits for High Temperature Stress Tolerance in Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.]

Abstract

IntroductionIndian mustard (Brassica juncea) is a naturally autogamous species, yet in this crop frequent out-crossing occur which varies from 5 to 30% depending upon the environmental conditions and random variation of pollinating insects. Cytologically Indian mustard is an amphidiploid (2n=36), derived from interspecific cross of Brassica campestris (2n=20) and Brassica nigra (2n=16) followed by natural chromosome doubling. These relationships have been confirmed by the artificial synthesis of amphidiploids species by hybridizing basic diploid species and also by analysis of chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA restriction pattern of basic and amphidiploids International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 5 (2017) pp. 942-953Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.comHalf diallel analysis of eight parents was carried out to identify the high heterotic crosses and their relationship in terms of general and specific combining ability (gca & sca) in Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss. Mean squares due to parent v/s crosses were also significant for all the traits which depicted presence of heterosis for all the traits, except for days to maturity, plant height, siliquae on main shoot, number of seeds/siliqua, siliqua length and oil content in timely sown condition and for plant height, number of primary branches per plant, siliqua on main shoot and 1000 seed weight in late sown condition. The heritability in narrow-sense showed the prevalence of additive variance for siliqua length, days to maturity, number of primary branches per plant in late sown condition, while for other traits an appreciable proportion of total variance was non-additive in both the environments. In the present study, an overall appraisal of GCA effects revealed that RH0735 and BPR349-9 in normal environment and RH0116 and RH0555A in late sown environment were good general combiner for majority of the characters. High GCA effects are related to additive gene effects or additive x additive interaction which represent the fixable genetic component of variation. Hence these parents could be efficiently used for exploiting seed yield. For seed yield the crosses RH8814 x RH0555A, RH0644 x BPR543-3 and BPR349-9 x RH0644 in timely sown condition and crosses RH0555A x RH0644, RH0735 x RH0116 and BPR349-9 x RH0644 were identified as promising on the basis of their high per se performance and with high significant SCA effects. These crosses could be extensively used in breeding programme to develop superior segregants and the parents involved may be converted to well adapted cytoplasmic male sterile or restorer lines in further breeding programmes.

Estimation of combining ability and heterosis for yield and yield attributing traits in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)

“…These parents can be included in breeding progamme for yield improvement. Similar findings had also been reported by Singh et al (2005), Singh et al (2013) and Meena et al (2015) in Indian mustard with different set of materials. A total of six crosses, viz.…”

“…The crosses with positive SCA effect for seed yield/plant also showed significant positive SCA effects for other yield contributing traits like, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of siliquae on main shoot, siliqua length and 1000-seed weight. High SCA effects for seed yield/plant using line × tester analysis had also been reported earlier (Yadava et al 2012, Singh et al 2013.…”

“…The heterosis breeding needs testing of the genetic value of parental lines for production of superior recombinants. The line × tester mating design (Kempthorne 1957) has been extensively used in Indian mustard to analyze the combining ability effects and to provide information regarding genetic mechanisms controlling seed yield and yield attributing traits (Parmar et al 2011, Yadava et al 2012, Singh et al 2013, Meena et al 2015. Knowledge of gene action and estimation of general and specific combining ability effects (GCA and SCA) are important parameters, as they provide an essential tool to the breeders in selection of better parental combinations for further improvement in rapeseed-mustard crops.…”

Exploitation of Heterosis for Seed Yield and its Contributing Traits in CMS Based Hybrids of Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss]

“…Brassica juncea is a crop of Asiatic origin with its major centre of diversity in China from where it was introduced in India (Vaughan, 1977). It is the second important oilseed crop at national level and contributes nearly 27% of edible oil pool of the country (Singh et al, 2013). It is a naturally autogamous species Article History…”

Combining ability analysis for seed yield and its attributes in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss]

“…Its oil cake is rich in protein but due to its high glucosinolate content it is not suitable for animal feed. Combining ability analysis is one of the powerful tools to test the value of parental lines to produce superior hybrids and valuable recombinants (Singh et al, 2013) [10] . Further, for developing better genotypes through hybridization, the choice of suitable parents is of great concern.…”