Combining robot-assisted surgical system and 3D visualization system for teaching minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery

Abstract

AIM: To investigate the feasibility of teaching minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery with a robot-assisted surgical system and a three-dimensional (3D) visualization system. METHODS: Enucleated porcine eyes were established as an animal model for removing foreign bodies. Forty medical students were recruited to remove foreign bodies to compare the traditional microscope and the 3D system. One junior resident performed the surgical task with manual and robot-assisted operations on 20 porcine eyes for each group. One senior surgeon evaluated the retinal invasion by a graded injury degree. The learning curve for minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery was described. RESULTS: Compared with the robot-assisted group, the injury degree was higher in the manual group. For the first ten surgeries, the manual and robot-assisted groups had injuries of 2.60±1.35 (4 to 0) and 1.80±1.62 (4 to 0), respectively. For the last ten surgeries, the injury degrees were 1.90±1.20 (3 to 0) and 0.80±0.42 (1 to 0). Considering the manual and robot-assisted groups together, 95%, 75% and 60% of the students considered surgical manipulation with the 3D visualization system to be more comfortable, easier and clearer, respectively. CONCLUSION: The robot-assisted surgical system and 3D visualization system may have value in teaching minimally invasive vitreoretinal surgery.

Construction of a Multimedia-Assisted Teaching System for English Courses in a Multimodal Sensing Environment

“…However, the traditional English course teaching is a stage for English teachers alone, and students are only the audience under the stage; the boring English classroom makes many students have a headache when they see English, not to mention the interest in learning English. With the progress of technology and the development of multimedia-assisted English course teaching, building a multimedia-assisted teaching system for English course in a multimodal sensing environment is the need of contemporary education reform and one of the most effective ways to bring students to the big stage of English course [7]. Therefore, in today's multimodal sensing environment and diversified development of students, the construction of a more complete and personalized recommended multimedia teaching system for English courses is one of the powerful e-learning aids in English teaching.…”