Combustion Emissions Modeling and Testing of Conventional Diesel Fuel

Abstract

This paper presents emissions modeling and testing of a four-stroke single cylinder diesel engine using conventional No. 2 diesel fuel. A system level engine simulation tool developed by Gamma Technologies, GT-Power, has been used to perform engine combustion simulations. The simulation approach is a predictive combustion simulation, direct-injection jet modeling, which is primarily used to predict the burn rate and NO x emissions.Crank angle dependent fuel injector sac pressure profiles have been measured during combustion tests and used as fuel jet inputs in the combustion modeling to predict injected fuel mass and fuel jet velocity as a function of time. In each emissions test, an in-cylinder pressure profile was measured and used for combustion model calibration to assure a correct burn rate profile was predicted and the exhaust emissions prediction was based on a calibrated burn rate profile which closely resembled the one measured in the test. Engine emissions, which include NO x , HC, CO, and CO 2 , measured at various engine speeds and loads were compared to those predicted by the combustion simulations.The modeling and testing evaluation of conventional diesel was chosen to provide a comparative baseline analysis that can be extended for predicting combustion emissions of renewable feedstock fuels in development.

The Study on Dual Fuel Spray and Characteristics of Combustion of Diesel, Natural Gas and Dual Fuel

“…In the continuous flow device; at relatively high temperature, the liquid fuel is injected directly to the air flow, the combined stream ignites as it flows through the combustion chamber [30]. After the ignition; a massive temperature increase occurs under constant pressure which produces the heat of production.…”

Combustion Emissions Modeling and Testing of Neat Biodiesel Fuels

“…The fuel injector sac pressure is difficult to measure due to limited accessibility, very high pressure, and the high frequency response required. The testing technique developed in the laboratory for the fuel injector sac pressure measurement has been described in a paper [4] written by the authors of this research. A pair of fast response absolute pressure transducers was installed on the fuel injection line of the test engine to measure the fuel injection pressures at the fuel pump end and nozzle holder end, and the sac pressure was then calculated using industry standard calculations [4].…”

“…In this study, predictive GT-Power combustion simulations using Direct-Injection Jet (DIJet) modeling technique have been performed to predict burn rates and combustion emissions of three different neat biodiesel fuels, which include soybean, cottonseed, and algae biodiesel fuels. The analytical background of the GT-Power DIJet modeling can be found in [4,8].…”

“…Two AVL high-pressure transducers (SL31D-2000), with a measuring range of 0 to 2000 bar, and AVL data acquisition system analysis software of IndiSignal and Concerto were used to measure the fuel injector sac pressure profile. The AVL pressure sensors were installed at the ends of the injection line, one at the fuel pump end and the other at the nozzle holder end [4].…”

“…GT-Power software, developed by Gamma Technologies as a system level engine simulation tool, has been used to study combustion characteristics and emissions of diesel, vegetable oils, and biodiesel fuels [4][5][6][7]. In this study, predictive GT-Power combustion simulations using Direct-Injection Jet (DIJet) modeling technique have been performed to predict burn rates and combustion emissions of three different neat biodiesel fuels, which include soybean, cottonseed, and algae biodiesel fuels.…”