Combustion of brominated flame retardants and behavior of its byproducts

Emissions of brominated compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during pyrolysis of E-waste debrominated in subcritical water

“…BFRs are prone to bioaccumulate in humans producing undesired effects on health. In addition, severe problems of environmental pollution can occur if PCBs are not correctly treated, since BFRs can be leached out in landfills (Zhou et al, 2013) or cause the formation of toxic substances such as polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PBDD/Fs) during combustion (Sakai et al, 2001). Altarawneh and Dlugogorski (2014b) observed that degradation of BFRs into brominated benzene and phenol rings contributes to the production of PBDD/Fs.…”

Level and congener profiles of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in the atmosphere of Beijing, China

“…Concerns about PBDD/Fs have increased because brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are extensively used in a variety of materials and are miscible with most plastics. Several potential routes for the release of PBDD/Fs into the environment have been proposed, including formation in the process of manufacturing BFRs, formation during the processing of BFRs with polymer resin, and incinerating waste which contains BFRs (Thoma et al, 1987;Sakai et al, 2001;Hanari et al, 2006). Moreover, PBDD/ Fs can be transported over long distances from their sources of emission.…”

Removal of brominated flame retardant from electrical and electronic waste plastic by solvothermal technique

“…Various technologies, including landfills [8], incineration [9], pyrolysis [10] and mechanical recycling [11] have been developed for disposal of E&E waste plastic. However, among these techniques, contamination by harmful bromine-containing compounds is inevitable [8][9][10][11].…”

“…However, among these techniques, contamination by harmful bromine-containing compounds is inevitable [8][9][10][11]. Elimination of BFRs before recycling E&E waste plastic and following destruction of BFRs is imperative to reduce such negative environmental effects.…”