“…Although the first application of fuel burnt in high purity O 2 was as early as the 1900s for welding and cutting (Carlisle, 2004), it was not until the early 1980s that the use of RFG was proposed for the purpose of producing a CO 2 stream of high purity for use in Enhanced Oil Recovery, EOR (Abraham et al, 1982), and to simultaneously reduce the environmental impacts from the use of fossil fuels in energy generation (Horn and Steinberg, 1982). Pilot scale and demonstration plant studies were subsequently carried out by Argonne National Laboratories and the Energy and Environmental Research Corporation (Payne et al, 1989;Abele et al, 1987;Weller et al, 1985) with corresponding numerical modelling investigations (Berry and Wolsky, 1986;Wang et al, 1988). During the 1990s, the technology received further interest for greenhouse gas and NO x reduction with pilot-scale studies conducted in a project led by the International Flame Research Foundation (Woycenko et al, 1995) and in work carried out by Ishikawajima Harima Engineering to consider oxyfuel retrofits to Japanese boilers (Nozaki et al, 1997;Kiga et al, 1997;Kimura et al, 1995;Nakayama et al, 1992).…”