Comment les Français voisinent

Abstract

[eng] How the French live as neighbors ? . François Héran . Far from being evident, socializing among neighbors is practiced very irregularly. It is more developed in single dwellings than in collective housing and more in a rural than urban environment. Families socialize with neighbors more than single people; fréquentation of neighbors is maximal when the family has two or three children. . Farmers have the most significant relations with neighbors. But they have a larger conception of these relations, linked to their professional activity : men play a more important role in this than women and relations clearly decline when activity ceases. On the other hand, craftsmen and tradesmen have very limited relations. They no doubt fear an unequal exchange in which they might be more serviceable than served. Among salaried employees, cadres socialize with neighbors the most, inviting them more often to their homes, and participating more often in the collective life linked to their housing. The role of women then is preponderant. Unskilled workers, in particular those of the crafts industries, are among the least « sociable ». [fre] Loin d'aller de soi, la sociabilité de voisinage est très inégalement pratiquée. Elle est plus développée en habitat individuel qu'en habitat collectif, en milieu rural qu'en milieu urbain. Les familles voisinent davantage que les personnes seules, la fréquentation des voisins est maximale quand la famille a deux ou trois enfants. . Les agriculteurs ont les relations de voisinage les plus importantes. Mais leur conception du voisinage est plus extensive, liée à leur activité professionnelle : les hommes y jouent un rôle plus important que les femmes, et leurs relations déclinent nettement quand ils deviennent inactifs. À l'opposé, les artisans et commerçants ont des relations très limitées. Sans doute redoutent-ils un échange inégal dans lequel ils seraient plus serviables que servis. Parmi les salariés, ce sont les cadres qui voisinent le plus, invitant plus souvent chez eux, participant plus souvent à la vie associative liée au logement. Le rôle des femmes est alors prépondérant. Les ouvriers non qualifiés, en particulier ceux de type artisanal, sont parmi les moins « voisinants ». [spa] ¿ De que manera tratan los f ranceses con los vecinos ? - Aunque parezca natural, la sociabilidad del vecindario se practica de forma desigual. Esta más desarrollada entre viviendas individuales que entre viviendas colectivas, en ambiente rural que en ambiente urbano. Las familias tratan más con los vecinos que las personas solas. El frecuentar a los vecinos es máximo cuando la familia cuenta con dos o tres hijos. . Los agricultures tienen relaciones de vecindario las de más importancia. Mas su concepto de vecindario es más extensivo, vinculado con su actividad profesional. Los varones juegan un papel mâs importante que las mujeres y las relaciones van declinando rotundamente cuando se vuelven inactivos. Por lo contrario, los artesanos y comerciantes practican relaciones muy limitadas. Sin duda, deben ...

The Social Multiplier and Labor Market Participation of Mothers

“…One issue is that neighborhoods measured in available datasets are often considerably larger than those which matter for outcomes (i.e., close neighborhoods). In the early 1980s, the French Statistical Office has carried out an interesting sociological survey on the intensity of social interactions within neighborhoods (François Héran 1986). It shows that most French people define as "neighbors" persons who are living in their very close neighborhood only, i.e., in the same building or adjacent houses.…”

“…5 It would not have been possible if we had been obliged to proxy neighborhoods with larger groups of people such as census tracts (i.e., several thousands of individuals). Also, according to Héran (1986), the relationships with neighbors are maintained mostly by women and especially women with children. What emerges from Héran's study is that mothers are actually much more exposed than others to the effect of neighborhood interactions.…”

Close Neighbours Matter: Neighbourhood Effects on Early Performance at School

“…It is one potential explanation for the difference between his findings and ours. In the early 1980s, the French Statistical Office conducted a very interesting survey on interactions between neighbours which shows that French households interact on average with 2 or 3 very close neighbours only (Héran, 1986).…”

Sporting practices and sociability

“…Il s'intéresse d'abord à des aspects précis de la sociabilité tels le voisinage [Héran, 1987] et le monde associatif [Héran, 1988(a)]. Il explore ensuite le concept d'une façon plus globale [Héran, 1988(b)].…”