Commentary: Intestinal barrier function and immune homeostasis are missing links in obesity and type 2 diabetes development

Wang, Yifeng; Wang, Song; Xu, Hongyang; Liu, Lijun

doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.939703

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Previous studies have confirmed that gut dysbiosis is deeply associated with diabetes [ 27 ], and as the most specific symptom of diabetes, hyperglycemia has been proved to drive intestinal barrier dysfunction, impair intestinal barrier integrity, and cause bacterial translocation [ 12 ]. Nowadays, the cross-talks between diabetes, hyperglycemia, gut dysbiosis, intestinal barrier impairment, bacterial translocation, and systemic inflammatory response are gradually recognized [ 10 , 11 ] and the compromised intestinal barrier integrity and increased bacterial translocation in patients with pre-existing hyperglycemia have been considered to cause worse prognosis in COVID-19 [ 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, the compromised intestinal barrier integrity and bacterial translocation are closely related to hyperglycemia [ 9 – 11 ]. Preclinical study has confirmed that hyperglycemia can independently drive the impairment of intestinal barrier, facilitate intestinal bacteria translocation and increase the risk of enteric infection [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is compromised intestinal barrier integrity responsible for the poor prognosis in critically ill patients with pre-existing hyperglycemia?

Wang

Liang

Liu

et al. 2022

Diabetol Metab Syndr

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Background Compromised intestinal barrier integrity can be independently driven by hyperglycemia, and both hyperglycemia and intestinal barrier injury are associated with poor prognosis in critical illness. This study investigated the intestinal barrier biomarkers in critically ill patients, to explore the role of compromised intestinal barrier integrity on the prognosis of critically ill patients with pre-existing hyperglycemia. Methods This was a retrospective observational study. The relationships between intestinal barrier biomarkers and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), indicators of clinical characteristics, disease severity, and prognosis in critically ill patients were investigated. Then the metrics mentioned above were compared between survivors and non-survivors, the risk factors of 90-day mortality were investigated by logistic regression analysis. Further, patients were divided into HbA1c < 6.5% Group and HbA1c ≥ 6.5% Group, metrics mentioned above were compared between these two groups. Results A total of 109 patients with critical illness were included in the study. D-lactate and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were associated with sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score and 90-day mortality. LPS was an independent risk factor of 90-day mortality. DAO, NEU (neutrophil) proportion, temperature, lactate were lower in HbA1c ≥ 6.5% Group while D-lactate, LPS, indicators of disease severity and prognosis showed no statistical difference between HbA1c < 6.5% Group and HbA1c ≥ 6.5% Group. Conclusions Intestinal barrier integrity is associated with the disease severity and prognosis in critical illness. Compromised intestinal barrier integrity might be responsible for the poor prognosis in critically ill patients with pre-existing hyperglycemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is compromised intestinal barrier integrity responsible for the poor prognosis in critically ill patients with pre-existing hyperglycemia?

Wang

Liang

Liu

et al. 2022

Diabetol Metab Syndr

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Assessment of a 50:50 mixture of two Bacillus subtilis strains as growth promoters for finishing pigs: productivity improvement and noxious gas reduction

Song,

Jeong,

Lim

et al. 2023

Journal of Animal Science

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In this study, we aimed to assess the potential of a 50:50 mixture of two Bacillus subtilis strains in improving the productivity and health of finishing pigs, and reducing noxious gases in their feces. These strains were found to abundantly secrete surfactin which has been shown to alleviate the effects of lipopolysaccharides in vitro. For the ten-week experiment, 200 finishing pigs ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) with an average body weight of 54.15 ± 1.70 kg were divided into four groups. Each group was fed with a basal diet supplemented with an equal amount of spores from the two B. subtilis strains at different levels: Control group, no addition; Treatment group 1, 0.5 x 109; Treatment group 2, 1.0 x 109; Treatment group 3, 1.5 x 109 cfu·kg-1 addition. During the ten-week feeding period, dietary supplementation of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 x 109 cfu·kg-1 of the spore cells from these two strains resulted in a 0.9, 1.9, and 2.5% increase in body weight, respectively (linear P < 0.095). During the final five weeks, the average daily gain (ADG) in weight was increased by the strains at amounts of 0.5 x 109, 1.0 x 109, and 1.5 x 109 cfu·kg-1 with a clear dosage effect (linear P < 0.05). However, neither the gain-to-feed ratio, the average daily feed intake, nor nutrient digestibility was affected by the supplementation. In blood, the endotoxin lipopolysaccharides, and two liver toxicity indicator enzymes; aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase were decreased (P < 0.05) in the 1.0 x 109 cfu·kg-1 spores-feeding group. Furthermore, four noxious gases were reduced by 8 to 20% in feces excreted by pigs fed with 1.5 x 109 cfu·kg-1 spores with a linear dosage effect (linear P < 0.001 ~ 0.05) during the final five weeks. Our findings suggest that the mixture of B. subtilis strains may enhance the productivity of finishing pigs by reducing the risk of mild endotoxemia, rather than increasing digestibility or daily feed intake. Therefore, these Bacillus strains have the potential to act as growth promoters for pigs, leading to improved animal health and productivity. These results have significant implications for pig farmers seeking to optimize the health and growth of their animals.

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Commentary: Intestinal barrier function and immune homeostasis are missing links in obesity and type 2 diabetes development

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Is compromised intestinal barrier integrity responsible for the poor prognosis in critically ill patients with pre-existing hyperglycemia?

Is compromised intestinal barrier integrity responsible for the poor prognosis in critically ill patients with pre-existing hyperglycemia?

Assessment of a 50:50 mixture of two Bacillus subtilis strains as growth promoters for finishing pigs: productivity improvement and noxious gas reduction

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