Comments on dialysis solution, antibiotic transport, poisoning, and novel uses of peritoneal dialysis

Rubin, Jack

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2560-6_11

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 340 publications

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“…In particular, glycerol [6][7][8][9][10] and amino acids [11][12][13][14][15][16] have been intensively studied clinically and in ani mal models. Other low and high molecular weight solutes have also been tested as possi ble osmotic agents for peritoneal dialysis [ i -4 Apart from toxicological, metabolic, and nutritional aspects, the impact of osmotic agents on the peritoneal solute transport dur ing peritoneal dialysis is a clinically important question [1][2][3][4]. Previous investigations have mainly focused on the evaluation of peritone al transport using such measures as dialysate/ plasma concentration ratio (D/P) [6,9,11,12,15] and total clearance of the solute [9,14,15] which provide only an overall net characteris tic of the solute transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a few other solutes also have been investigated as alternative osmotic agents in an attempt to solve metabolic problems caused by the high-caloric load in glucosebased peritoneal dialysis [1][2][3][4][5]. In particular, glycerol [6][7][8][9][10] and amino acids [11][12][13][14][15][16] have been intensively studied clinically and in ani mal models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The standard solute applied as osmotic agent in peritoneal dialysis is glucose [1][2][3][4][5]. However, a few other solutes also have been investigated as alternative osmotic agents in an attempt to solve metabolic problems caused by the high-caloric load in glucosebased peritoneal dialysis [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Alternative Osmotic Agents on Peritoneal Transport

Waniewski

Weryński²,

Heimbürger³

et al. 1993

Blood Purif

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To investigate the impact of osmotic agents on solute transport in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis single 6-hour dwell studies were performed in nondiabetic patients using different osmotic agents: glucose 3.86%, amino acids 2.70, and glycerol 2.50%. Diffusive mass transport coefficient (K_Bd) and sieving coefficient (S) were assessed for urea, creati-nine, glucose, glycerol, potassium, sodium, and total protein using the Babb-Randerson-Farrell model. The estimated K_Bd values for small solutes were higher in peritoneal dialysis fluid based on amino acids than in both glucose- and glycerol-based dialysis solutions. S values for small solutes were higher in glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluid than in dialysis solutions based on amino acids and glycerol. Moreover, nonphysical, i.e., out of the range 0-1, S values were obtained for urea and potassium in glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluid and for glucose and glycerol applied as osmotic agents. No difference in the transport parameters for total protein was found between the three investigated dialysis fluids. We conclude that the composition of dialysis fluid (osmotic agent, buffer solute, pH) can change the transport characteristics of the peritoneum. Furthermore, other physiological processes besides the diffusive and convective transport can contribute to the net peritoneal transport of some solutes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Alternative Osmotic Agents on Peritoneal Transport

Waniewski

Weryński²,

Heimbürger³

et al. 1993

Blood Purif

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“…In peritoneal dialysis, ultrafiltration is achieved by establishing an osmotic pressure difference across the peritoneum. Glucose is the standard solute that is used as an osmotic agent in peritoneal dialysis (1,2). However, glucose-based dialysis solutions have several disadvantages, such as high osmolality and acidity of the dialysis fluid (2), short duration of effective ultrafiltration (3,4), metabolic derangements due to the continuous glucose load, and losses of albumin and other nutritionally important substances into the dialysate (5,6).…”

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confidence: 99%

Albumin‐based Solutions for Peritoneal Dialysis: Investigations with a Rat Model

et al. 1995

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To evaluate albumin, an osmotic agent for peritoneal dialysis, the peritoneal fluid and solute transport were investigated during a 4-h single cycle peritoneal dialysis with albumin-based dialysis solutions. Two different albumin solutions were used in 15 normal Sprague-Dawley rats: isotonic 7.5% albumin solution (ADS 1, n = 7) and a combined 7.5% albumin and 1.35% glucose solution (ADS 2; n = 8). A standard 1.36% Dianeal solution was used to provide control values (n = 6). The rate of the intraperitoneal volume change (Qv) was positive during the initial 90 min with ADS 2 and during the initial 60 min with Dianeal 1.36% solution but negative with ADS 1. The peritoneal bulk flow reabsorption rate, Qa, was similar in all three groups. The estimated rate of transcapillary ultrafiltration (Qu = Qv + Qa) was positive with all three solutions throughout the dialysis. With ADS 1, Qu increased gradually during the initial 90 min and then remained stable, but it decreased with ADS 2 and Dianeal 1.36% solution. Qu with ADS 2 did not differ from that with Dianeal 1.36% solution during the initial 60 min, but it was significantly higher during the latter part of dialysis. The value of Qu during the last 2 h of dialysis was 0.026 +/- 0.010 and 0.025 +/- 0.009 ml/min with ADS 1 and ADS 2, respectively, and it was significantly higher than that with Dianeal 1.36% solution (0.005 +/- 0.007 ml/min; p < 0.017).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Electrolyte Management in Peritoneal Dialysis

Malhotra

Khanna²

2023

Nolph and Gokal's Textbook of Peritoneal Dialysis

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Comments on dialysis solution, antibiotic transport, poisoning, and novel uses of peritoneal dialysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 340 publications

Effect of Alternative Osmotic Agents on Peritoneal Transport

Effect of Alternative Osmotic Agents on Peritoneal Transport

Albumin‐based Solutions for Peritoneal Dialysis: Investigations with a Rat Model

Electrolyte Management in Peritoneal Dialysis

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