Common Type of Damages in Composites and Their Inspections

Ghobadi, Amin

doi:10.4236/wjm.2017.72003

Cited by 51 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The increasing penetration of carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) in primary structures in aircrafts has led to significant advantages in terms of weight and fuel consumption [1,2]. Despite the innumerable benefits that these materials bring, there is still one main drawback: their limited capability to conduct electricity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Growth and Properties of Electrolessly Deposited Thin Copper Coatings on Epoxy-Based CFRP

et al. 2020

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In this study, copper coatings smaller than 3 µm were created by electroless deposition on epoxy-based carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates for enhancing their electrical properties. This well-known method of metallization was employed with a self-designed combination of reagents, and the coatings were studied to evaluate their physical and chemical properties. A five-stage plating strategy was applied to 40 mm × 40 mm samples, and three different coatings were produced during the work. The metal layers created were studied and characterized to evaluate their, electrical conductivity, thickness, and adhesion to substrates, among other properties. In addition, the growth mechanisms of the microstructure were analyzed in detail for a better understanding of the process. The results showed that the proposed metallization strategy presents good characteristics and is a strong candidate for enhancing the electrical performance of CFRP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Growth and Properties of Electrolessly Deposited Thin Copper Coatings on Epoxy-Based CFRP

et al. 2020

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“…To correct the axis misalignment, the roll, pitch, and yaw values were calculated at each point. This calculation was achieved by using the coordinate values that were measured using the laser tracker and Equations (3)- (5). Subsequently, these roll, pitch, and yaw values were applied in the rotation matrices to calculate the misaligned coordinate values on all yy-axes and the derived correction values.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The roll, pitch, and yaw were calculated using the measured coordinate values and Equations (3)- (5). Subsequently, these roll, pitch, and yaw values were applied in the rotation matrices of Equations (6)- (8) with the objective of calculating the misaligned coordinate values on all the yy-axes.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, delamination is regarded as a defect because it can significantly reduce the mechanical properties of the structure [4]. A void is the most common defect in the manufacturing process and affects mechanical properties, such as lowering the shear strength [5]. To address this problem, various nondestructive inspection methods have been applied [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improvement in Accuracy of a Multi-Joint Robotic Ultrasonic Inspection System for the Integrity of Composite Structures

et al. 2020

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Composite materials have attracted significant attention with regard to the manufacturing of structures that require weight reduction, such as automobiles and aircraft, because they are more resistant to corrosion and fatigue than conventional metal materials. However, such materials exhibit a reliability degradation problem, i.e., their mechanical and physical properties deteriorate due to the occurrence of delamination and voids. Ultrasonic inspection methods have been widely applied for nondestructive detection of such defects in structures; however, the application of these approaches has been impeded due to high anisotropy and acoustic attenuation. In addition, the existing ultrasonic inspection methods require considerable time and cost for the inspection of large materials or structures. These problems were addressed in this study by developing an automatic ultrasonic inspection system; this was achieved by adopting a squirter-type water injection device, which uses a multi-joint robot and the through-transmission ultrasonic method. In addition, a software program to correct axis misalignment was developed and verified to solve the deterioration in defect detectability and accuracy that was caused by axis misalignment, which may occur during the use of the developed system. This development was accomplished after measuring the coordinates of the deformed mechanical part using a three-dimensional laser measuring instrument.

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“…It is a challenging task to predict damage in composites. Composites can be defined as two or more materials combined to form a single material [5]. For fiber-reinforced laminates, there are mainly four modes of failure: matrix cracking occurs parallel to the fiber; delamination; fiber breakage in tension, as well as fiber bulking in compression; and penetration due to impact [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peridynamic Analysis of Marine Composites under Shock Loads by Considering Thermomechanical Coupling Effects

Gao

Oterkus

2018

JMSE

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Nowadays, composite materials have been increasingly used in marine structures because of their high performance properties. During their service time, they may be exposed to extreme loading conditions such as underwater explosions. Temperature changes induced by pure mechanical shock loadings cannot to be neglected especially when smart composite materials are employed for condition monitoring of critical systems in a marine structure. Considering this fact, both the thermal loading effect on deformation and the deformation effect on temperature need to be taken into consideration. Consequently, an analysis conducted in a fully coupled thermomechanical manner is necessary. Peridynamics is a newly proposed non-local theory which can predict failures without extra assumptions. Therefore, a fully coupled thermomechanical peridynamic model is developed for laminated composites materials. In this study, numerical analysis of a 13 ply laminated composite subjected to an underwater explosion is conducted by using the developed model. The pressure shocks generated by the underwater explosion are applied on the top surface of the laminate for uniform and non-uniform load distributions. The damage is predicted and compared with existing experimental results. The simulation results obtained from uncoupled case are also provided for comparison. Thus the coupling term effects on crack propagation paths are investigated. Furthermore, the corresponding temperature distributions are also investigated.

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Common Type of Damages in Composites and Their Inspections

Cited by 51 publications

References 37 publications

Study on the Growth and Properties of Electrolessly Deposited Thin Copper Coatings on Epoxy-Based CFRP

Study on the Growth and Properties of Electrolessly Deposited Thin Copper Coatings on Epoxy-Based CFRP

Improvement in Accuracy of a Multi-Joint Robotic Ultrasonic Inspection System for the Integrity of Composite Structures

Peridynamic Analysis of Marine Composites under Shock Loads by Considering Thermomechanical Coupling Effects

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