Commonest Cancers in Pakistan - Findings and Histopathological Perspective from a Premier Surgical Pathology Center in Pakistan

Ahmad, Zubair; Idrees, Romana; Fatima, Saira; Uddin, Nasir; Ahmed, Arsalan; Minhas, Khurram; Memon, Aisha; Fatima, Syeda Samia; Arif, Muhammad; Hasan, Sheema H; Ahmed, Rashida; Pervez, Shahid; Kayani, Naila

doi:10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.3.1061

Cited by 27 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…Normally, cancer-related cases comprise about 22% of our total caseload. 6 However, during the lockdown, the proportion of cancer cases rose to approximately 35% of our total case volume. These figures demonstrate that our caseload, which is extremely complex and emotionally stressful in normal times, became even more so during the lockdown.…”

Section: Impact Of Strict Lockdown On Case Volumes Types and Complementioning

confidence: 85%

Practice of Academic Surgical Pathology During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ahmad

Rahim

Din

et al. 2020

American Journal of Clinical Pathology

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Objectives To determine the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on our service, pre-, and postgraduate education and discuss the measures taken to ensure continued provision of quality service as well as education during the mandatory lockdown. Methods Measures taken to protect staff from infection and minimize virus transmission within the department as well as measures taken to allow smooth provision of quality service and uninterrupted pre- and postgraduate education were analyzed. Data were collected regarding case volumes (histology, cytology, and frozen sections) and case complexity during the lockdown and analyzed. Results Staggered rota was introduced for all staff. Strict social distancing measures were implemented. Staff was extensively counseled regarding the importance of protective measures. Pre- and postgraduate education, which was temporarily suspended, was quickly resumed using online teaching ensuring continuation of academic activities. The volume of cases decreased during the lockdown but complexity increased even more. Conclusions Immediate and effective measures were taken to protect staff from infection and ensure smooth provision of quality services. Measures were quickly taken to ensure resumption of pre- and postgraduate academic activities. The volume of cases decreased but complexity increased. There is fear among faculty and staff regarding the future.

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Section: Impact Of Strict Lockdown On Case Volumes Types and Complementioning

confidence: 85%

Practice of Academic Surgical Pathology During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ahmad

Rahim

Din

et al. 2020

American Journal of Clinical Pathology

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“…Variations in the cancer data obtained from various studies conducted in different parts of the country are shown in Table 1 and appear to be quite marked and significant. The data for analyzing the prevalence and heterogeneity of specific types of cancer was obtained from 13 studies of which 5 were from Karachi [ 1 , 6 , 7 , 15 ], 4 from Lahore [ 4 , 5 , 14 ], and 1 each from the Hazara Division in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Multan Division in Punjab, Larkana Division in Sindh, and Hyderabad Division in Sindh, respectively [ 2 , 3 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is not known what protective factors in Pakistani males contribute to relatively low incidence of prostate cancer in Pakistan. [ 1 , 2 , 4 – 6 , 8 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer prevalence in Pakistan: meta-analysis of various published studies to determine variation in cancer figures resulting from marked population heterogeneity in different parts of the country

et al. 2018

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BackgroundPakistan’s population is ethnically diverse with distinct ethnic groups inhabiting various parts of the country. Cancer statistics obtained from specific regions populated by distinct ethnic groups may vary considerably. There is no national cancer registry. To determine whether there are indeed significant statistical differences in cancer incidence and prevalence, data was recorded from different parts of Pakistan based on the ethnic composition of the population in those parts.MethodsTen papers (original articles) on cancer incidence and prevalence in Pakistan published in the last two decades were selected from PubMed and Google Scholar. Meta-analysis of findings of these studies was performed using Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) checklist. χ2-based I2 test was used for evaluating heterogeneity and Forest plots were generated for calculating unadjusted prevalence estimates. Oral, gastric, prostate, breast, and colorectal cancers were selected for meta-analysis. I2 values of 75% or greater indicated high heterogeneity.ResultsAll five types of cancer selected for meta-analysis (performed on studies carrying similar statistical weights) showed extremely high heterogeneity with I2 values of 99.7% for oral cancer, 98.6% for prostate cancer, 98.3% for gastric cancer, 99.8% for breast cancer, and 85.4% for colorectal cancer. p values for all cancers were highly statistically significant.ConclusionsOur findings show that the prevalence rates of different cancer types demonstrate marked variation in different studies depending on the place of origin of the study and dominant ethnic group in that region, and these variations are highly statistically significant. A national cancer registry needs to be established as soon as possible.

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“…9,19 We histologically diagnose 4.4% cases of adenocarcinoma from a total of 112 cases, the reported data incidence is 3.1%, 4.8% and 6.9% in different studies. [21][22][23] The incidence of prostatic cancer varies widely throughout the world, the Americans have the highest and the Asian has the lowest, which may due to dietary habits or racial factors. In western World, the screening facilities are much more better as compare to Asian and specially south Asian countries where lake of awareness, education and poverty play an important role in the low detection rates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological evaluation of clinically diagnosed prostatic lesions.

Yousfani

Memon

Suria³

et al. 2020

TPMJ

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Objectives: To correlate the clinically diagnosed prostatic lesion with histopathological evaluation, Gleason scoring andserum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels in a tertiary care centre. Study Design: Observational Study. Setting: The current study was conducted in multiple centers of Sindh like Department of Surgery Unit-III, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences, Nawabshah CMCH Larkana, Jinnah Sindh Medical University and Al-Tibri Medical College and Hospital Karachi. Period: January 2018 to December 2019. Material & Methods: on 112 consecutive cases of clinically diagnosed prostatic disease, all the relevant demographic and clinical details including digital rectal examination (DRE) findings and serum PSA levels were recorded on a proforma designed for the study. PSA values of all these cases were recorded before the surgical procedure. The tissue sample of prostate was collected after surgery and histologically analysed for the confirmation of diagnosis and the Gleason scoring was made. All the results obtained were statistically analysed and tabulated. Results: The age of patients ranged 34-81 years, with mean age of 58+3.4 years. The adenocarcinoma was detected in 05 cases, hyperplasia in 92 cases and hyperplasia with prostatitis in 07 cases. The carcinoma was clinically diagnosed in 17 cases but after histological evaluation, the carcinoma was confirmed in 03 cases and 02 cases of cancer were confirmed among clinically diagnosed cases of hyperplasia. Majority of cases of hyperplasia were having the PSA level < 4ng/ml No any case of adenocarcinoma have PSA level below 4ng/ml, and majority of the cases of denocarcinoma were having PSA level above 20ng/ml. majority of malignant lesions were having PSA level above 20ng/ml and the Gleason score above 6. No any case of malignancy was detected in those patients having PSA level below 4ng/ml. Conclusion: The histopathological evaluation with serum PSA levels is necessary in all cases of prostatic disease to rule out the possibility of malignant pathology.

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Commonest Cancers in Pakistan - Findings and Histopathological Perspective from a Premier Surgical Pathology Center in Pakistan

Cited by 27 publications

References 50 publications

Practice of Academic Surgical Pathology During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Practice of Academic Surgical Pathology During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cancer prevalence in Pakistan: meta-analysis of various published studies to determine variation in cancer figures resulting from marked population heterogeneity in different parts of the country

Histopathological evaluation of clinically diagnosed prostatic lesions.

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