“…While multiple studies have shown that boarding and prolonged ED length of stay are associated with undesirable outcomes (Chalfin, Trzeciak, Likourezos, Baumann, & Dellinger, 2007;Liu et al, 2009), poor communication (Apker, Mallak, & Gibson, 2007), lost revenue (Bayley et al, 2005;Falvo et al, 2007), and longer hospital length of stay (Richardson, 2002), literature has focused on how to minimize boarding time (Amarasingham, Swanson, Treichler, Amarasingham, & Reed, 2010) rather than on care delivery (Liu et al, 2009). Ideally, boarding would be eliminated or minimized; however, pending solutions to crowding, hospitals must address how to best manage these patients.…”