Communicating Risk Regarding Food Consumption: The Case of Processed Meat

Zec, Slavica; Minto, Clara; Agostoni, Carlo; Fano, Carolina; Ocagli, Honoria; Lorenzoni, Giulia; Gregori, Darío

doi:10.3390/nu11020400

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…There is a controversial presentation of potential association between eggs consumption and PCa risks in the literature. On the one hand, several studies have associated high choline intake with an increased risk of the disease development [103], aggressiveness [104] and/or recurrence of PCa [105]. Another meta-analysis recorded no PCa risks observed [97].…”

Section: Eggs (Choline)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate cancer management: long-term beliefs, epidemic developments in the early twenty-first century and 3PM dimensional solutions

Kučera¹,

Pecen²,

Topolčan³

et al. 2020

EPMA Journal

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In the early twenty-first century, societies around the world are facing the paradoxal epidemic development of PCa as a non-communicable disease. PCa is the most frequently diagnosed cancer for men in several countries such as the USA. Permanently improving diagnostics and treatments in the PCa management causes an impressive divergence between, on one hand, permanently increasing numbers of diagnosed PCa cases and, on the other hand, stable or even slightly decreasing mortality rates. Still, aspects listed below are waiting for innovate solutions in the context of predictive approaches, targeted prevention and personalisation of medical care (PPPM / 3PM). PCa belongs to the cancer types with the highest incidence worldwide. Corresponding economic burden is enormous. Moreover, the costs of treating PCa are currently increasing more quickly than those of any other cancer. Implementing individualised patient profiles and adapted treatment algorithms would make currently too heterogeneous landscape of PCa treatment costs more transparent providing clear “road map” for the cost saving. PCa is a systemic multi-factorial disease. Consequently, predictive diagnostics by liquid biopsy analysis is instrumental for the disease prediction, targeted prevention and curative treatments at early stages. The incidence of metastasising PCa is rapidly increasing particularly in younger populations. Exemplified by trends observed in the USA, prognosis is that the annual burden will increase by over 40% in 2025. To this end, one of the evident deficits is the reactive character of medical services currently provided to populations. Innovative screening programmes might be useful to identify persons in suboptimal health conditions before the clinical onset of metastasising PCa. Strong predisposition to systemic hypoxic conditions and ischemic lesions (e.g. characteristic for individuals with Flammer syndrome phenotype) and low-grade inflammation might be indicative for specific phenotyping and genotyping in metastasising PCa screening and disease management. Predictive liquid biopsy tests for CTC enumeration and their molecular characterisation are considered to be useful for secondary prevention of metastatic disease in PCa patients. Particular rapidly increasing PCa incidence rates are characteristic for adolescents and young adults aged 15–40 years. Patients with early onset prostate cancer pose unique challenges; multi-factorial risks for these trends are proposed. Consequently, multi-level diagnostics including phenotyping and multi-omics are considered to be the most appropriate tool for the risk assessment, prediction and prognosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that early onset prostate cancer is a distinct phenotype from both aetiological and clinical perspectives deserving particular attention from view point of 3P medical approaches.

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Section: Eggs (Choline)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate cancer management: long-term beliefs, epidemic developments in the early twenty-first century and 3PM dimensional solutions

Kučera¹,

Pecen²,

Topolčan³

et al. 2020

EPMA Journal

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“…Taking reporting of the IARC report first, much of the media coverage reported that meat causes cancer with many articles from influential international news sources linking meat consumption to tobacco and asbestos. This led Zec et al (40) to say ‘we cannot rule out that the concept of ‘level of evidence’ has been mistaken for that of ‘magnitude of association’’. Furthermore, the media and certain professional bodies combined processed and red meat, ignoring the fact that the report clearly distinguished between these; IARC reported that processed meat is carcinogenic based on sufficient evidence that in human subjects, excess consumption of processed meats causes colorectal cancer, whilst they reported that red meat is probably carcinogenic to human subjects based on limited evidence that excess consumption of red meat causes cancer and strong mechanistic evidence supporting a carcinogenic effect (37) .…”

Section: Social Influencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Without criticising these reports, it is reported that the mechanism through which the messages from such reports reach consumers and citizens can be distorted, with unforeseen direct and potentially harmful indirect consequences (40) . This is particularly true when the message is not straightforward and delivery needs to be nuanced.…”

Section: Social Influencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal food products: policy, market and social issues and their influence on demand and supply of meat

Henchion

Zimmermann

2021

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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The present paper aims to contribute to the contentious debate regarding the role of meat as part of a sustainable diet. It uses secondary data to examine the patterns of meat consumption across the globe, and drawing on academic and grey literature, it outlines some of the policy, market and social trends and issues influencing demand and supply of meat. It also presents an overview of the scientific evidence base regarding the pros and cons of meat consumption. The results show that consumption patterns are not homogeneous globally, nor across meat types, with overall meat consumption increasing strongly in developing countries but stagnating in developed countries, and demand for poultry increasing in most regions in contrast to beef. They also illustrate the evolving impact of factors such as income on consumption and the increasing impact of non-economic factors, such as social and policy influences relating to health and the environment, on food choice behaviours, to the extent that such behaviours are increasingly entering a moral space. Given the solid scientific evidence that simultaneously substantiates arguments to increase and decrease meat consumption, it is clear that dietary recommendations need to be context-specific. An important part of the context is the strategies being pursued by researchers and supply chain actors, from farmers through to processors, retailers and food service operators, to improve the sustainability credentials of livestock production. As new evidence emerges from such initiatives, the context will change which means that dietary guidelines will require continuous review.

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