Communication infrastructure for situational awareness enhancement in WAMS with optimal PMU placement

Abstract

Real time monitoring and control of a modern power system has achieved significant development since the incorporation of the phasor measurement unit (PMU). Due to the time-synchronized capabilities, PMU has increased the situational awareness (SA) in a wide area measurement system (WAMS). Operator SA depends on the data pertaining to the real-time health of the grid. This is measured by PMUs and is accessible for data analytics at the data monitoring station referred to as the phasor data concentrator (PDC). Availability of the communication system and communication delay are two of the decisive factors governing the operator SA. This paper presents a pragmatic metric to assess the operator SA and ensure optimal locations for the placement of PMUs, PDC, and the underlying communication infrastructure to increase the efficacy of operator SA. The uses of digital elevation model (DEM) data of the surface topography to determine the optimal locations for the placement of the PMU, and the microwave technology for communicating synchrophasor data is another important contribution carried out in this paper. The practical power grid system of Bihar in India is considered as a case study, and extensive simulation results and analysis are presented for validating the proposed methodology.

Distribution Joint State Estimation with Multiple Snapshots Based on SCADA and AMI Measurements

“…i l and j b are sparse vectors. The primal dual interior point algorithm and sparse description methods [7]…”

“…A quadratic constraint quadratic estimation model based on the SCADA and PMU measurements is proposed to perform robust state NESP-2022 Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2351 (2022) 012011 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2351/1/012011 2 estimation [5]. Some scholars have improved the accuracy of DSSE under limited PMUs by studying the optimal placement of PMUs [6][7].…”

Tie-line modelling in interconnected synchrophasor network for monitoring grid observability, cyber intrusion and reliability

“…There are several cyber-attacks, such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) and Man-in-The-Middle (MITM) attacks, which can modify the operating data of PMU or damage the PMU operations. Therefore, a novel approach to deploying backup PMU is discussed to maintain the observability and reliability of the interconnected synchrophasor network [33]. The backup allocation of PMU is based on the abnormality characteristics of optimally deployed PMU by including and excluding the effect of ZIB.…”

Blockchain-Enabled Smart Grid Applications: Architecture, Challenges, and Solutions

“…From this figure, it can be observed that the main applications in an SG are the energy management systems (EMS), electric vehicles (EVs), microgrids (MGs), smart cities (SCs), home automation (HA), advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), and synchrophasor applications (SPAs) [2]. SG enhances the reliability of power supply and materializes several applications at the cost of increased complexity [3]. In this complex network, at a given instance, there are several entities in the grid that carry out transactions.…”

“…SG enhances the reliability of power supply and materializes several applications at the cost of increased complexity [3]. In this complex network, at a given instance, there are several entities in the grid that carry out transactions.…”