Community-based Tourism and Rural Development: The Case of the Wechiau Hippo Sanctuary in the Wa West District of Ghana

Abstract

The paper reports an investigation on how community-based tourism can be used as a development strategy for the efficient and sustainable use of tourist resources in seventeen (17) communities within the Hippopotamus (hippo) Sanctuary of the Wa West District of the Upper West Region of Ghana. Specifically, it explores three interrelated questions with regard to the promotion of rural development in the Wechiau Traditional Area where the Sanctuary is located. These are: (i) whether the development of the Wa West District, particularly the catchment communities, are being impacted by community-based tourism and how; (ii) whether there is a high level of beneficiary participation in the management of the Hippo Sanctuary and; (iii) whether there have been any challenges at all and what strategies can be adopted for the sustenance of the Sanctuary. The investigation was done using probability and non-probability techniques to select participants for a survey and data collected from both primary and secondary sources. Based on the findings, the study concludes that, though community-based tourism is gaining prominence, the tourism development and promotion area is beset with ownership and participation challenges. Therefore, recommendations have been made for exploring more dialogue between and among the stakeholders of the Sanctuary in order to deepen community participation for the sustainable management of the Sanctuary.

How can policy assist the development of community-based tourism in Guyana by 2025 and beyond?

“…The emphasis on the South and by extension, rural communities was largely driven by the empowerment discourse which influenced the development agenda during the 1970s (Watts, 2003), and had a direct bearing on the way development agencies began to fund tourism development. Tourism niches, including CBT, which seemed likely to deliver on socio-economic and environmental sustainability became the new focus of funding agencies and governments as part of rural development strategies (Ba and Mann, 2006; Hawkins and Mann, 2007; Gyimah and Okrah, 2009).…”