Community Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices toward Rabies Prevention in North Vietnam

Phuong, Le Thi; Dung, Luu Phuong; Tho, Nguyen Thi Thi; Quyet, Nguyen Tu; Than, Phan Dang; Chi, Nguyen Dieu; Thủy, Nguyễn Thị Thanh; Liên, Nguyễn Thị Kim; Dũng, Nguyễn Anh; Dean, Anna S.; Buchanan, David; Nasca, Philip C.

doi:10.2190/iq.31.1.c

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Very few similar studies can be found in the scientific literature, but they all tend to show that PCP knowledge of rabies risk management is often insufficient. Two studies previously conducted to assess the knowledge of the risk of rabies in India and Vietnam highlighted a lack of information among the local population (Ichhpujani et al., ; Mai et al., ). Other studies have investigated the knowledge of the risk of rabies for travellers and health advisors (Ross et al., ; Altmann et al., ; Shah et al., ; Pavli et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few publications can be found in the scientific literature investigating the attitudes and practices of primary care physicians (PCPs) concerning rabies, but they all tend to show that PCPs have insufficient knowledge of how to manage the risk of rabies (Ichhpujani et al., ; Ross et al., ; Shah et al., ; Mai et al., ; Pavli et al., ). Rabies is taught once and only briefly in French medical schools, as part of the ‘animal and insect bites’ section.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Primary Care Physicians in the Franche‐Comte Region (France) Regarding the Risk of Rabies

Jeanpetit¹,

Bellanger

Piotte³

et al. 2013

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Impacts• Primary care physicians (PCPs) have some knowledge of the basic information about the risk of rabies (type of animal transmitting the disease, severity criteria for bites).• PCPs are not familiar with the indications for the rabies vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin.• PCPs' knowledge of how to manage and prevent rabies exposure often requires updating. SummaryRabies remains a public health concern and is associated with a mortality rate of nearly 100%. An observational survey was undertaken in 2010 to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of primary care physicians (PCPs) in our area regarding the risk of rabies. Standardized questionnaires were sent to a random sample of 400 PCPs practicing in the Franche-Comt e region (eastern France), requesting their voluntary and anonymous participation. The questionnaires requested socio-demographic details and self-evaluation. Seven clinical situations were selected to assess the attitudes of physicians. The response rate was 38.5%. Most of the PCPs were based in rural and semi-rural areas, 76% knew where their nearest rabies centre was located and 75% of them claimed their knowledge of the risk of rabies was poor. While most of them (>80%) knew which animals transmitted the disease as well as the severity criteria for bites, only 12% knew that there was no contraindication for the rabies vaccine in the event of exposure to the disease. Responses to the seven clinical situations showed that most of them did not know the precise indication for the rabies vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin. Primary care physicians are usually aware of the risk of rabies, but their knowledge of how to manage rabies exposure and prevention often requires updating. The health authorities should provide more detailed information to PCPs and to the general population about the risk of rabies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Primary Care Physicians in the Franche‐Comte Region (France) Regarding the Risk of Rabies

Jeanpetit¹,

Bellanger

Piotte³

et al. 2013

Zoonoses and Public Health

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“…Successful infectious disease control programs require both CE and educational outreach to disseminate information to the public; however, these components are often neglected [9] . For example, surveys focusing on rabies prevention have repeatedly identified gaps in knowledge of risks, modes of transmission, and preventive measures [10] , [11] , [12] . When implemented, CE and educational outreach can be cost-effective risk mitigation strategies in high-risk/low-resource areas [13] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A community-based One Health education program for disease risk mitigation at the human-animal interface

et al. 2018

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The interface between humans, domestic animals, and wildlife has been implicated in the emergence of infectious diseases and the persistence of endemic human and animal diseases. For individuals who reside at this interface, particularly those in low-resource settings, the development of disease risk assessment and mitigation skills must be prioritized. Using a community engagement-One Health approach, we implemented a training program aimed at advancing these skills among agro-pastoralists living adjacent to conservation areas in South Africa. The program included professional development of local facilitators who then conducted workshops with community members. Workshops used a series of experiential, inquiry-based activities to teach participants the concepts of pathogen transmission and disease risk assessment and mitigation. The program was implemented over four weeks with 10 facilitators and 78 workshop participants. We conducted a within-subjects experimental study using a mixed methods design to evaluate the program in terms of facilitator and participant One Health knowledge and practices. Quantitative data included pre/post written assessments; qualitative data included focus group discussions, semi-structured interviews, and pre/post photographs. Mean post-test scores of facilitators increased by 17% (p = 0.0078). For workshop participants, improvements in knowledge were more likely for females than males (OR = 7.315, 95% CI = 2.258–23.705, p = 0.0009) and participants with a higher versus lower education level, albeit borderline non-significant (OR = 4.781, 95% CI = 0.942–24.264, p = 0.0590). Qualitative analysis revealed the implementation of risk mitigation strategies by 98% (60/61) of workshop participants during the three-month follow-up and included improved personal and domestic hygiene practices and enhanced animal housing. Although further evaluation is recommended, this program may be appropriate for consideration as a scalable approach by which to mitigate human and animal infectious disease risk in high-risk/low-resource communities.

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“…During the study period, an average of over 400,000 PEPs were administered each year. Overall, canine rabies in Viet Nam appears consistent with the general rabies burden characterized by other Asian countries, in that a considerable amount of human deaths occur, a significant amount of PEP is administered, dog vaccination coverage is relatively low, and there is not a national comprehensive enforced dog vaccination campaign to eliminate canine rabies [ 6 , 13 , 15 – 16 ]. Most of the exposures, PEP, and rabid dogs occur in northern, more rural, provinces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Estimating the economic impact of canine rabies to Viet Nam 2005–2014

et al. 2018

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The global economic impact of canine rabies has been estimated by several studies. Asia bears a disproportionate burden of this zoonosis due to high levels of human deaths and rates of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), but low investment in preventative dog vaccination. The same factors that cause rabies to burden much of Asia are also present in Viet Nam. This study estimated the economic burden of canine rabies in a societal perspective including direct and indirect cost of rabies in dogs, livestock, and humans. Using data collected from personal interviews, published literature, published and supplementary reports, and primary data collection, we estimated the economic impact of canine rabies in Viet Nam over a ten year period (2005–2014). We incorporated the direct and indirect costs for PEP, dog vaccination efforts, livestock losses, and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) into the analysis. General findings from this analysis indicated that over the 10 year study period, the total economic impact of canine rabies was over $719 million USD. The largest portion of impacts (92%) were made up of PEP-related costs. Canine rabies created between 36,560 and 45,700 DALYs, measured in years of life lost (YLL). A total of 914 human deaths were reported over the study period. Deaths/100,000 people were 0.11, which is lower than the reported level for Asian countries. The cost per dog vaccinated was $1.75 USD. Our results indicate that canine rabies impacts in Viet Nam are consistent with the burden elsewhere reported in Asia, with large expenditures on PEP and very small investments in dog vaccination.

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Community Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices toward Rabies Prevention in North Vietnam

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Primary Care Physicians in the Franche‐Comte Region (France) Regarding the Risk of Rabies

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Primary Care Physicians in the Franche‐Comte Region (France) Regarding the Risk of Rabies

A community-based One Health education program for disease risk mitigation at the human-animal interface

Estimating the economic impact of canine rabies to Viet Nam 2005–2014

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