Community outbreak of perianal group A streptococcal infection in Denmark

Petersen, J.B.B.; Kaltoft, Margit S.; Misfeldt, J; Schumacher, Helga; Schønheyder, Henrik Carl

doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000048907.22286.b5

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Study of the prevalence of healthy S. pyogenes carriers and the molecular epidemiology of the isolates may provide useful information about the origin and spread of this infectious agent, allowing for more effective control measures. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) (3,4,14) has been used as a standard technique for surveying epidemiology of S. pyogenes infections. Although arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR)-based fingerprinting performed with the M13 primer has been widely used for molecular epidemiology of gram-negative (1, 2, 10) and gram-positive bacteria (11), there had been no study about its efficiency in typing S. pyogenes strains.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Group A Streptococcal Carriers in Asymptomatic Children and Clonal Relatedness among Isolates in Malatya, Turkey

Durmaz

Durmaz²,

Bayraktar³

et al. 2003

J Clin Microbiol

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In our study, the prevalence of nasopharyngeal Streptococcus pyogenes was 130 (14.3%) of 909 healthy children. Isolates were found to be susceptible to all antibiotics tested. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and arbitrarily primed PCR revealed that 34 (32.4%) of the 105 isolates and 41 (40.6%) of the 101 isolates typed, respectively, were clonally indistinguishable.Streptococcus pyogenes group A streptococcus (GAS) strains colonized in the upper respiratory tracts of children play an important role in the spread of this bacterial infection, especially among children at school, day-care centers, orphanages, and home. Study of the prevalence of healthy S. pyogenes carriers and the molecular epidemiology of the isolates may provide useful information about the origin and spread of this infectious agent, allowing for more effective control measures. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) (3,4,14) has been used as a standard technique for surveying epidemiology of S. pyogenes infections. Although arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR)-based fingerprinting performed with the M13 primer has been widely used for molecular epidemiology of gram-negative (1, 2, 10) and gram-positive bacteria (11), there had been no study about its efficiency in typing S. pyogenes strains.The aims of the present study were to investigate the rate of pharyngeal colonization, drug susceptibility, and the molecular epidemiology of GAS isolated from healthy children and to compare PCR-based fingerprinting with PFGE in the investigation of clonal relatedness among the GAS isolates.Study groups. The study groups included 800 primary schoolchildren and 109 children living in an orphanage in Malatya, Turkey. An otorhinology specialist rubbed sterile swabs over the posterior nasopharyngeal walls of the 909 children, who had no symptoms or signs of pharyngitis. The samples were inoculated on sheep's blood agar plates. After incubation overnight at 37°C, beta-hemolytic streptococci were identified with a bacitracin disk (0.04 U) and a latex test for the identification of streptococcal groups A, B, C, D, F, and G (streptococcal grouping kit and diagnostic reagent; Oxoid Limited, Basingstoke, England).Susceptibility testing. The antimicrobial susceptibilities of the GAS isolates were investigated by the disk diffusion method according to the criteria of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (13). The antibiotic disks (Oxoid) used were penicillin (10 U), erythromycin (15 g), vancomycin (30 g), chloramphenicol (30 g), clindamycin (2 g), cefepime (30 g), ceftriaxone (30 g), ofloxacin (5 g), and levofloxacin (5 g).Molecular typing of the strains. Both AP-PCR and PFGE typing was performed on 101 strains which had available stocks. PFGE was also carried out on five additional strains. For AP-PCR typing, isolation of DNA by using lysozyme and proteinase K and extraction were performed by following the protocol of Welsh and McClelland (19). Then AP-PCR, which had previously been optimized (1, 2), was performed with the M13 primer (10). For PFGE, i...

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Prevalence of Group A Streptococcal Carriers in Asymptomatic Children and Clonal Relatedness among Isolates in Malatya, Turkey

Durmaz

Durmaz²,

Bayraktar³

et al. 2003

J Clin Microbiol

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“…The clinical and reference strains were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) as described elsewhere (15) with supplementation of the lysis buffer with 22 l of mutanolysin (Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.) per ml (14). Calculation of similarity between PFGE patterns with the Dice coefficient and clustering by the unweighted pair group method using mathematical averages (UPGMA) was done in BioNummerics (Applied Maths, Kortrijk, Belgium) after the image was captured by Chemi Doc (Bio-Rad Laboratories).…”

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Emergence of Invasive Serotype VIII Group B Streptococcal Infections in Denmark

Ekelund¹,

Slotved

Nielsen

et al. 2003

J Clin Microbiol

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“…Regarding streptococcus at other sites, a recent case report documented perianal streptococcal dermatitis as the precipitating factor to a PANS initial episode and/or exacerbation in three children [35]. Interestingly, two of these children had a history of pharyngeal streptococcal infections, and research has suggested that pharyngeal strains of GAS can migrate to other areas of the body [36,37].…”

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confidence: 95%

The PANDAS Controversy: Why (and How) Is It Still Unsettled?

Murphy

Gerardi

Parker-Athill

2014

Curr Dev Disord Rep

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Acute-onset OCD and/or tics in children, known by the term Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcus (PANDAS), has been a focus of pediatric developmental and psychiatric research for nearly three decades. Studies have suggested that this condition results from molecular mimicry, in which anti-basal ganglia antibodies target brain proteins. While the pathogenesis of this condition is still widely debated, the clinical phenotype has shown consistent features and evidence that the dramatic symptoms cause substantial impairment in the child and in family functioning.

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Community outbreak of perianal group A streptococcal infection in Denmark

Cited by 24 publications

References 15 publications

Prevalence of Group A Streptococcal Carriers in Asymptomatic Children and Clonal Relatedness among Isolates in Malatya, Turkey

Prevalence of Group A Streptococcal Carriers in Asymptomatic Children and Clonal Relatedness among Isolates in Malatya, Turkey

Emergence of Invasive Serotype VIII Group B Streptococcal Infections in Denmark

The PANDAS Controversy: Why (and How) Is It Still Unsettled?

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