Compact 200 line MATLAB code for inverse design in photonics by topology optimization: tutorial

Christiansen, Rasmus E.; Sigmund, Ole

doi:10.1364/josab.405955

Cited by 44 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Finally, we invite the more numerically inclined reader to study our accompanying MATLAB tutorial paper [23], which, apart from a 200 line compact and transparent MATLAB implementation of TopOpt problems similar to the ones discussed here, also includes a short comparison to a non-gradient genetic-algorithm-based approach.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For readers who are interested in underlying method development, programming, and software implementation, we have authored a parallel tutorial paper describing a freely available 200 line MATLAB code implementing basic TopOpt for photonics [23]. That paper also includes an example demonstrating the advantages of gradient-based methods over so-called globaloptimization methods for the type of inverse-design problems considered here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inverse design in photonics by topology optimization: tutorial

Christiansen¹,

Sigmund²

2021

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

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151

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverse design in photonics by topology optimization: tutorial

Christiansen¹,

Sigmund²

2021

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

Self Cite

151

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Simulators: this term indicates whether additional EM solvers are employed over the entire structure design phase tutorials [49][50][51], and perspectives [52][53][54][55]), we deliver an intuitive instruction of GA and MLP algorithms by case studies of spectrum tunings of meta-atoms (see an introduction on meta-atom's physical properties in ref. [56]), that is a well-known example in the field of nanophotonics.…”

Section: Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially facing hyper nonlinear design space, TO is assumed to be more efficient compared to GA (see a study in Ref. [51]). At last, several potential factors (e.g., the high cost of nanopattern generations) may fundamentally query the usage of advanced DL models.…”

Section: Intelligence Algorithms With Case Study In Meta-atom Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent designs in nanophotonics: from optimization towards inverse creation

Wang

Yan

et al. 2021

PhotoniX

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Applying intelligence algorithms to conceive nanoscale meta-devices becomes a flourishing and extremely active scientific topic over the past few years. Inverse design of functional nanostructures is at the heart of this topic, in which artificial intelligence (AI) furnishes various optimization toolboxes to speed up prototyping of photonic layouts with enhanced performance. In this review, we offer a systemic view on recent advancements in nanophotonic components designed by intelligence algorithms, manifesting a development trend from performance optimizations towards inverse creations of novel designs. To illustrate interplays between two fields, AI and photonics, we take meta-atom spectral manipulation as a case study to introduce algorithm operational principles, and subsequently review their manifold usages among a set of popular meta-elements. As arranged from levels of individual optimized piece to practical system, we discuss algorithm-assisted nanophotonic designs to examine their mutual benefits. We further comment on a set of open questions including reasonable applications of advanced algorithms, expensive data issue, and algorithm benchmarking, etc. Overall, we envision mounting photonic-targeted methodologies to substantially push forward functional artificial meta-devices to profit both fields.

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“…The optimization problem is solved using the globally convergent method of moving asymptotes 55 . For the domain considered in this work, we choose a fixed membrane thickness of 240 nm and restrict the design to only vary in the ( , )-plane by linking the design variables along thedirection 56,57 . Before the design process is executed we specify the design domain, the minimum radii of curvature of the solid and void phases in the design as well as at the center, and further specify the targeted cavity-resonance wavelength and the position of the mode extremum in the cavity.…”

Section: Far-and Near-field Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanometer-scale photon confinement inside dielectrics

Albrechtsen

Lahijani

Christiansen

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Optical nanocavities confine and store light, which is essential to increase the interaction between photons and electrons in semiconductor devices, enabling, e.g., lasers and emerging quantum technologies. While temporal confinement has improved by orders of magnitude over the past decades, spatial confinement inside dielectrics was until recently believed to be bounded at the diffraction limit. The conception of dielectric bowtie cavities (DBCs) shows a path to photon confinement inside semiconductors with mode volumes bound only by the constraints of materials and nanofabrication, but theory was so far misguided by inconsistent definitions of the mode volume and experimental progress has been impeded by steep nanofabrication requirements. Here we demonstrate nanometer-scale photon confinement inside 8 nm silicon DBCs with an aspect ratio of 30, inversely designed by fabrication-constrained topology optimization. Our cavities are defined within a compact device footprint of 4 lambda^2 and exhibit mode volumes down to V = 3E-4 lambda^3 with wavelengths in the lambda = 1550 nm telecom band. This corresponds to field localization deep below the diffraction limit in a single hotspot inside the dielectric. A crucial insight underpinning our work is the identification of the critical role of lightning-rod effects at the surface. They invalidate the common definition of the mode volume, which is prone to gauge meretricious surface effects or numerical artefacts rather than robust confinement inside the dielectric. We use near-field optical measurements to corroborate the photon confinement to a single nanometer-scale hotspot. Our work enables new CMOS-compatible device concepts ranging from few- and single-photon nonlinearities over electronics-photonics integration to biosensing.

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Compact 200 line MATLAB code for inverse design in photonics by topology optimization: tutorial

Cited by 44 publications

References 31 publications

Inverse design in photonics by topology optimization: tutorial

Inverse design in photonics by topology optimization: tutorial

Intelligent designs in nanophotonics: from optimization towards inverse creation

Nanometer-scale photon confinement inside dielectrics

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