Compact and asymmetric fed modified hexagonal shaped multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for 5G sub: 6 GHz (N77/N78 & N79) and WLAN applications

Abstract

In the current work, a compact and modi ed hexagonal-shaped circular MIMO antenna for WLAN and 5G sub-6GHz applications is presented. The proposed MIMO antenna works in the band of 2.95 to 6.3 GHz, that covers the complete range of 5G sub: 6 GHz (N77/N78 & N79) and WLAN bands. The overall working region is obtained with isolation of greater than 15 dB. With an impedance of 50 strip line, the suggested MIMO antenna is excited using an asymmetric feeding approach. Simulated and measured results from fabricated prototypes are used to con rm the diversity and radiation performance of the proposed MIMO antenna. The diversity metric parameters ECC, DG, TARC, CCL, and MEG values demonstrate strong agreement. The construction is created on a FR4 substrate with dimensions of 20 × 34 mm 2 , 1.6 mm in height, and 4.4 as the constant. The structure has e ciency and gain values of above 83% and 0.2 to 3 dBi, respectively. IntroductionMultipath fading problems in the free space environment are reduced by a new technology in wireless communication known as the Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology. The additional features of MIMO technology are channel capacity improvement, higher data rate, quality transmission, and reliability in transmission. Now a days most electronic gadgets are portable. The users demand portable devices with high-speed data rates and quality of transmission. The MIMO technology is very much suitable for user demands. In MIMO technology number of elements are placed in a limited space, there fore high coupling is introduced between the elements. Few techniques are proposed by the researchers and also checked [1][2][3]. Day by day cellular communication is increasing rapidly. Due to its bene ts, such as increased data rates and channel capacity, 5G wireless communication is in demand. The combination of MIMO with 5G cellular systems play a tremendous role in current wireless cellular communication [4][5][6].A simple planar antenna is proposed for 5G cellular applications [7]. A CPW fed two-element MIMO antenna for dual-band applications is presented [8]. A microstrip patch antenna designed for 5G NR bands is speci ed [9]. For 5G sub: 6 GHz and WLAN applications, a differently fed recon gurable MIMO antenna is proposed [10]. Microstrip patch dipole antenna for 4G LTE and 5G NR bands is designed [11]. A two-element transparent MIMO antenna for 5G sub: 6 GHz applications is designed [12]. A semi-circular arc-shaped MIMO antenna for 5G and WLAN bands with a modi ed strip placed between them to improve the isolation is proposed [13]. For 5G, WLAN, and WiMAX bands, a triple-band MIMO antenna is constructed [14]. Array antenna for 5G cellular applications is presented [15]. A small wideband MIMO antenna for 5G and WLAN applications is designed [16]. Compact two and four-element MIMO antenna for UWB applications with loaded square patch strips is used for isolation enhancement [17]. The twoelement dual-band antenna that covers 5G N77 and N79 bands is developed [18]. Some of the most recent papers in the...

A compact and efficiently designed two-port MIMO antenna for N78/48 5G applications

“… N.R. [ 30 ], 2023,2 0.23λ 0 x0.40λ 0 N.R. 2.95–6.3 Ground stub 15 3 83 0.012, 10 −10 −3 0.05 [ 17 ], 2023,4 0.80λ 0 x0.80λ 0 N.R.…”

“…Dual-band MIMO compacts measuring 25 × 38 mm 2 [ 29 ] exhibit self-isolation with DGS capabilities, ensuring isolation margins surpassing 72 dB. Through self-isolation, a novel 2-port MIMO antenna design measuring 26 × 26 mm 2 [ 30 ] achieves a remarkable bandwidth (18.9–34.8 GHz) improvement exceeding 35 dB, despite maintaining a spacing of merely 6 mm. Employing a parallel configuration of U and T-shaped stubs measuring between 24.8 × 39.8 mm 2 [ 16 ] in a 2-port MIMO setup elevates isolation to over 22 dB.…”

Mutual Coupling Reduction in UWB-MIMO Antenna Using Circular Slot EBG Structure

“…Various techniques [9][10][11][12][13][14] have been proposed for the reduction of mutual coupling. Furthermore, for improving the isolation in MIMO systems, several methods have been established [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. These methods include a coplanar waveguide-fed UWB-MIMO antenna that exhibits the isolation of −20 dB, and ECC is about 0.007 [15].…”

“…UWB of frequency band 3.1 and 13.5 GHz, in which the isolation of −23 dB and ECC less than 0.09 are achieved by using a modified electromagnetic band gap (MEBG) structure [16]. A compact modified hexagonal-shaped circular MIMO antenna is presented where its operating frequency band is from 2.95 to 6.3 GHz [17]. By using two radiating patches (a semicircle and a semi-regular hexagon), the performance (return loss and isolation) of multiband two-port MIMO antenna is demonstrated and it covers the frequency bands of 0.67-7.29 GHz, 8.07-12.11 GHz, 14.07-15.41 GHz, and 16.04-22 GHz in [18].…”