Compact automated capillary electrophoresis instrument for coupling with mass spectrometry by using sheathless electrospray ionization

Furter, Jasmine S.; Hauser, Peter C.

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462533

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A submersible version of this CE instrument has also been developed for missions to ocean worlds [64]. A CE‐MS platform with integrated control achieved with an Arduino Nano was used for the analysis of pesticides [65]. Multiple valves were controlled by a single Raspberry Pi in an on‐line immunoaffinity chromatography‐asymmetric flow field‐flow system designed for isolating and fractionating variously sized extracellular vesicles from human plasma [66].…”

Section: Autosamplers Valving and Other System Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The utilization of open‐source microcontroller boards and single‐board computers in liquid chromatography

Piccolo,

Foster,

Parker

et al. 2024

J of Separation Science

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Electronic system control of analytical instrumentation remains a critical aspect of modern measurement science. Within the field of liquid chromatography (LC), this is especially relevant for automation, module operation, detection, data acquisition, and data analysis. Increasingly, home‐built analytical tools used for liquid‐phase separations rely upon open‐source microcontrollers and single‐board computers to aid in simplifying these operations. In this review, we detail literature reported within the past 5 years in which these types of devices were used to advance various aspects of the LC research field, including sample preparation, instrument control, and data collection.

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Section: Autosamplers Valving and Other System Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The utilization of open‐source microcontroller boards and single‐board computers in liquid chromatography

Piccolo,

Foster,

Parker

et al. 2024

J of Separation Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Additional developments of this basic concept include sequential injection-CE [416][417][418], methods based on asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation [419], and flow-gated injection [420]. It is also pertinent to note that a number of groups have described the multiple capillaries [421][422][423] or presented custom instrumental approaches [361,[424][425][426][427] that not only address the throughput but also offer automation and open-source designs [428].…”

Section: Injection Modes To Improve the Throughputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for capillary electrophoresis: Method development and validation for pharmaceutical and biological applications—Updated and completely revised edition

et al. 2023

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This review is in support of the development of selective, precise, fast, and validated capillary electrophoresis (CE) methods. It follows up a similar article from 1998, Wätzig H, Degenhardt M, Kunkel A. “Strategies for capillary electrophoresis: method development and validation for pharmaceutical and biological applications,” pointing out which fundamentals are still valid and at the same time showing the enormous achievements in the last 25 years. The structures of both reviews are widely similar, in order to facilitate their simultaneous use. Focusing on pharmaceutical and biological applications, the successful use of CE is now demonstrated by more than 600 carefully selected references. Many of those are recent reviews; therefore, a significant overview about the field is provided. There are extra sections about sample pretreatment related to CE and microchip CE, and a completely revised section about method development for protein analytes and biomolecules in general. The general strategies for method development are summed up with regard to selectivity, efficiency, precision, analysis time, limit of detection, sample pretreatment requirements, and validation.

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“…The downside of this approach is that it limits the use of detectors that require coupling at the ground side (and hence injection at the HV side) such as electrochemical detectors (e.g., amperometry and voltammetry) and electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (ESI–MS). Only recently, hydrodynamic injection has been demonstrated at the HV side of a home‐built CE instrument coupled to MS using a nanoESI sprayer [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A hydrodynamic injection approach for capillary electrophoresis using rotor–stator valves

et al. 2023

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Sample injection is a critical step in a capillary electrophoresis (CE) analysis. Electrokinetic injection is the simplest approach and is often selected for implementation in portable CE instruments. However, in order to minimize the effect of sample matrix upon the results of a CE analysis, hydrodynamic injection is preferred. Although portable CE instruments with hydrodynamic injection have been reported, injection has always been performed at the grounded end of the capillary. This simplifies fluidic handling but limits coupling with electrochemical detectors and electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (ESI–MS). We demonstrated previously that injection at the high‐voltage (HV) end of the capillary could be performed using an HV‐compatible rotary injection valve (fixed‐volume injection). However, the mismatch between the bore sizes of the channels on the rotor–stator valve and the separation capillary caused peak tailing and undesired mixing, impairing analytical performance. In this work, we present an HV‐compatible hydrodynamic injection approach that overcomes the issues associated with the fixed‐volume injection approach reported previously. The performance of the CE instrument was demonstrated by analyzing a mixture of 13 amino acids by CE coupled to laser‐induced fluorescence, which showed relative standard deviations for peak area and migration time below 5% and 1%, respectively, for triplicate analysis. Additionally, replicate measurements of a mixture of amino acids, peptides, nucleobases, and nucleosides by CE coupled to electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (CE–ESI–MS) were performed to evaluate peak tailing, and results were similar to those obtained with a commercial CE–ESI–MS setup.

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Compact automated capillary electrophoresis instrument for coupling with mass spectrometry by using sheathless electrospray ionization

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

The utilization of open‐source microcontroller boards and single‐board computers in liquid chromatography

The utilization of open‐source microcontroller boards and single‐board computers in liquid chromatography

Strategies for capillary electrophoresis: Method development and validation for pharmaceutical and biological applications—Updated and completely revised edition

A hydrodynamic injection approach for capillary electrophoresis using rotor–stator valves

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