Compact semi‐lumped dual‐ and tri‐wideband bandpass filters

Microwave electromagnetic devices have been used for many applications in tropospheric communication, navigation, radar systems, and measurement. The development of the signal preprocessing units including frequency-selective devices (bandpass filters) determines the reliability and usability of such systems. In wireless sensor network nodes, filters with microstrip resonators are widely used to improve the out-of-band suppression and frequency selectivity. Filters based on multimode microstrip resonators have an order that determines their frequency-selective properties, which is a multiple of the number of resonators. That enables us to reduce the size of systems without deteriorating their selective properties. Various microstrip multimode resonator topologies can be used for both filters and microwave sensors, however, the quality criteria for them may differ. The development of every resonator topology is time consuming. We propose a technique for the automatic generation of the resonator topology with required frequency characteristics based on the use of evolutionary algorithms. The topology is encoded into a set of real valued parameters, which are varied to achieve the desired features. The differential evolution algorithm and the genetic algorithm with simulated binary crossover and polynomial mutation are applied to solve the formulated problem using the dynamic penalties method. The experimental results show that our technique enables us to find microstrip resonator topologies with desired amplitude-frequency characteristics automatically, and manufactured devices demonstrate characteristics very close to the results of the algorithm. The proposed algorithmic approach may be used for automatically exploring the new perspective topologies of resonators used in microwave filters, radar antennas or sensors, in accordance with the defined criteria and constraints.

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“…For the sensor network nodes, it is essential that the central frequency points of the filter has a certain capacity bandwidth [35,50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Automatic Design of Multimode Resonator Topology with Evolutionary Algorithms

Stanovov

Khodenkov²,

Popov³

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…In Ref [14], a compact dual-band bandpass filter is obtained by coupling between two modified SIRs; the bandwidth can be adjusted using coupling strengths between resonators, but with large insertion losses and narrow passbands. The third method is to add structures with stopbands or transmission zeros (TZs) in BPFs [21,22] or lowpass filters [23], and to divide one passband into more passbands. Due to the added structures, the resulting multi-band BPFs often have large size [21,22] or complex structures [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The third method is to add structures with stopbands or transmission zeros (TZs) in BPFs [21,22] or lowpass filters [23], and to divide one passband into more passbands. Due to the added structures, the resulting multi-band BPFs often have large size [21,22] or complex structures [23]. Feeding parallel filter cells through common input/output (I/O) ports is the fourth way, with the advantage of designing and adjusting each passband independently [24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-/Tri-Wideband Bandpass Filter with High Selectivity and Adjustable Passband for 5G Mid-Band Mobile Communications

et al. 2020

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The design and implementation of the filters for the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems are challengeable due to the demands of high integration, low-cost, and high-speed data transmission. In this paper, a dual-wideband bandpass filter (BPF) and a tri-wideband BPF for 5G mobile communications are proposed. The dual-wideband BPF consists of two folded open-loop stepped-impedance resonators (FOLSIRs), and the tri-wideband BPF is designed by placing a pair of folded uniform impedance resonator inside the dual-wideband BPF with little increase in the physical size of the filter. By employing a novel structural deformation of a stepped-impedance resonator, the FOLSIR is achieved with a more compact structure, a controllable transmission zero, and an adjustable resonant frequency. The measurement results show that the working bands of the two filters are 1.98–2.28/3.27–3.66 GHz and 2.035–2.305/3.31–3.71/4.54–5.18 GHz, respectively, which are consistent with the full-wave EM simulation results. The implemented filters have a compact size and the results show low loss, good out-of-band rejection, and wide passbands covering sub-6 GHz bands of 5G mobile communications and a commonly used spectrum.

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“…A common method consists of using parallel coupled lines or structures based on this classical prototyping [2,3], and its simplicity prevents high costs and provides devices with wide and flat passbands. Other methods adopt stub-loaded resonators for fabricating BPFs that are capable of controlling the resonant modes, thus easily enabling multiband response and control of the center frequency [4][5][6]. However, the length of the conventional transmission lines limits miniaturization when employing these methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Highly Selective and Compact Bandpass Filter with a Circular Spiral Inductor and an Embedded Capacitor Structure Using an Integrated Passive Device Technology on a GaAs Substrate

et al. 2019

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As one of the most commonly used devices in microwave systems, bandpass filters (BPFs) directly affect the performance of these systems. Among the processes for manufacturing filters, integrated passive device (IPD) technology provides high practicality and accuracy. Thus, to comply with latest development trends, a resonator-based bandpass filter with a high selectivity and a compact size, fabricated on a gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrate is developed. An embedded capacitor is connected between the ends of two divisions in a circular spiral inductor, which is intertwined to reduce its size to 0.024 λ g × 0.013 λ g with minimal loss, and along with the capacitor, it generates a center frequency of 1.35 GHz. The strong coupling between the two ports of the filter results in high selectivity, to reduce noise interference. The insertion loss and return loss are 0.26 dB and 25.6 dB, respectively, thus facilitating accurate signal propagation. The filter was tested to verify its high performance in several aspects, and measurement results showed good agreement with the simulation results.

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Compact semi‐lumped dual‐ and tri‐wideband bandpass filters

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

The Automatic Design of Multimode Resonator Topology with Evolutionary Algorithms

The Automatic Design of Multimode Resonator Topology with Evolutionary Algorithms

Dual-/Tri-Wideband Bandpass Filter with High Selectivity and Adjustable Passband for 5G Mid-Band Mobile Communications

A Highly Selective and Compact Bandpass Filter with a Circular Spiral Inductor and an Embedded Capacitor Structure Using an Integrated Passive Device Technology on a GaAs Substrate

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