Compaction’s Impacts on Urban Storm-Water Infiltration

Pitt, Robert; Chen, Shen En; Clark, Shirley E.; Swenson, Janice; Ong, Choo Keong

doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9437(2008)134:5(652)

Cited by 125 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Antecedent soil moisture in urban environments is commonly assumed not to have an effect on the hydrologic response of an urban catchment (Hurford et al, 2012;Wheater and Evans, 2009). Some investigations show weak correlations between antecedent 45 soil moisture and storm water runoff in urban environments (Kjeldsen et al, 2013;Pitt et al, 2008;Yang et al, 2016). Another investigation focuses on rainfall characteristics and storm event hydrologic response for 7 urbanized catchments, where no strong correlation is found with antecedent moisture (Smith et al, 2013).…”

Section: Approaches To Quantifying Urban Pluvial Flooding Occurrence mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards identification of critical rainfall thresholds for urban pluvial flooding prediction based on crowdsourced flood observations

Bouwens

Veldhuis

Schleiss

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Urban drainage systems are challenged by both urbanization and climate change, intensifying urban pluvial flooding impacts. Urban pluvial flooding impacts can be reduced by improving infrastructure and operational urban flood management strategies. This study investigated the relation between heavy rainfall and urban pluvial flooding in Rotterdam with the aim to identify parameters and thresholds that can be used as predictors of urban pluvial 5flooding. The focus of the investigation was on an area of 16 km 2 . Datasets for this research included historical crowdsourced flooding reports, overflow pumping volumes, open spatial data and rainfall data at different temporal and spatial resolutions. Threshold values, (which can be used as part of early warning systems,) were derived from historical flooding data and rainfall depths over sub daily durations. Threshold values of rainfall depth were found to be 6 mm (±3 mm) in 15 min and 11 mm (±6 mm) in 60 min. Surprisingly, the derived thresholds are only 10 approximately half of the theoretical drainage system design capacity. Furthermore, a threshold value of 70% (± 4%) imperviousness was found above which flooding incidents significantly increase. Results also suggested a strong dependence on spatial aggregation scale, as it highly influences correlation coefficients and parameter density values. Elevation differences did not appear to contribute to urban pluvial flooding, based on a flow path analysis for the study area. Finally, we showed that antecedent rainfall does not explain additional variance in 15 reports, meaning it is not an influential urban pluvial flooding predictor, at least not on a daily temporal resolution.

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Section: Approaches To Quantifying Urban Pluvial Flooding Occurrence mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards identification of critical rainfall thresholds for urban pluvial flooding prediction based on crowdsourced flood observations

Bouwens

Veldhuis

Schleiss

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, runoff from permeable surfaces depends on several physical processes that are difficult to describe (Chahinian et al, 2005;Ogden et al, 2011). Urban hydrologists therefore often describe runoff from permeable surfaces with substantially simplified models or completely neglect it (e.g., Chahinian et al (2005) and Leandro et al (2016)) According to Gregory et al (2006) and Pitt et al (2008), compaction is common for urban soils and significantly decreases the infiltration capacity. The reduction in infiltration capacity causes an increase in frequency, volume and peak flow of runoff from permeable surfaces (Gregory et al, 2006;Pitt et al, 1999), highlighting the necessity of including runoff from permeable surfaces in urban runoff models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial conditions of urban permeable surfaces in rainfall-runoff models using Horton's infiltration

Davidsen

Löwe

Ravn³

et al. 2017

Water Science and Technology

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Infiltration is a key process controlling runoff, but varies depending on antecedent conditions. This study provides estimates on initial conditions for urban permeable surfaces via continuous simulation of the infiltration capacity using historical rain data. An analysis of historical rainfall records show that accumulated rainfall prior to large rain events does not depend on the return period of the event. Using an infiltration-runoff model we found that for a typical large rain storm, antecedent conditions in general lead to reduced infiltration capacity both for sandy and clayey soils and that there is substantial runoff for return periods above 1–10 years.

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“…Soil compaction that occurs in stormwater treatment facilities during construction (or improper use) can cause significant reductions in infiltration capacities of the soils. [2] noted large detrimental effects of compaction on infiltration rates in both sandy and clayey soils. Infiltration rates were reduced to near zero values in soils having even small amounts of clay, if compacted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impacts of Soil Media Characteristics on Stormwater Biofiltration System Performance

Sileshi¹,

Pitt²,

Clark³

2017

International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering

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Stormwater bioinfiltration systems can be effective options for the treatment and disposal of stormwater runoff from urban areas. However, the performance of these systems and other infiltration devices can be affected by factors such as texture, structure and degree of compaction of the treatment media. This study provides insights on media characteristics of a poorly operating biofilter facility located in Tuscaloosa, AL, along with supporting laboratory investigations. Double ring infiltrometer tests and soil compaction measurements were conducted along a large biofilter to determine the in-situ infiltration and compaction characteristics of the media. Infiltration measurements were also made during actual rain events by observing falling water levels in ponded areas. The effects of different compaction levels on the infiltration rates through the soil media were also examined during controlled laboratory column tests for comparison to the field observations. Similar tests were also conducted examining compaction effects of the media after mixing with varying amounts of filter sand to investigate restoration options. These results indicate that soil compaction results in increased bulk densities, decreased moisture capacities and has dramatic effects on the infiltration rates.

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Compaction’s Impacts on Urban Storm-Water Infiltration

Cited by 125 publications

References 5 publications

Towards identification of critical rainfall thresholds for urban pluvial flooding prediction based on crowdsourced flood observations

Towards identification of critical rainfall thresholds for urban pluvial flooding prediction based on crowdsourced flood observations

Initial conditions of urban permeable surfaces in rainfall-runoff models using Horton's infiltration

Impacts of Soil Media Characteristics on Stormwater Biofiltration System Performance

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